Computational materials science: Surfaces, interfaces, crystallization
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Advanced materials for joint implants Giuseppe Pezzotti Pan Stanford Publishing, 2013 604 pages, $179.95 ISBN 9789814316880
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he performance of joint implants is determined by the interplay among designs, materials, manufacturing processes, and the way patients use them. This is similar for many implantable medical devices. Because of the statistical nature of manufacturing processes and human use conditions, the product performance is a statistical function of not only the relevant parameters and their interactions, but also the variations that those parameters can have under the normal processing and use conditions. It has been a goal of many scientists to develop a transfer function to predict the product performance from the properties of materials. Pezzotti’s book represents this effort. This book begins with a review of joint implants and the common failure modes of each material used in the joints.
An introduction to some analytical and characterization methods such as atomic force microscopy, Raman and infrared spectroscopy, cathodoluminescence spectroscopy, and tribology assessments is presented. Detailed descriptions of individual materials are provided next. Alumina is best for load bearing and wear resistance. The weakness of this material is its brittleness, which is discussed in terms of pores, grain size, and inclusions. Methods to overcome this weakness such as using additives and hydraulic compression are presented. Zirconia has been used successfully for implants, but the phase transition from the tetragonal to monoclinic polymorph has been a problem. The book discusses the methods and mechanisms to inhibit this transition, such as the addition of yttrium oxide. Compounding alumina
Reviewer: SuPing Lyu is a Principal Researcher at Medtronic Inc., Mounds View, Minn., USA.
The book comprises nine chapters. Chapter 1 is an overview of the scope of computational modeling and the two simulation methods: Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics. The mathematical algorithms, boundary conditions, and their applications are introduced. This chapter clearly defines how to apply each model to different applications. Chapter 2 summarizes high-level thermodynamics of one-component and multicomponent systems, including phase transformation, solution, crystallization, and a little bit of interfacial tension. This chapter contains most equations necessary for solving thermodynamics problems, but the chapter title, “Basic Concepts of Theory of Phase Transformations,” is slightly narrower than the content it covers. Chapter
Computational materials science: Surfaces, interfaces, crystallization A.M. Ovrutsky, A.S. Prokhoda, and M.S. Rasshchupkyna Elsevier, 2013 388 pages, $125.00 ISBN 9780124202078
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his book is an excellent summary of principles of computational modeling of physical phenomena in materials science, especially in surfaces, interfaces, and crystallization. Modern technology development allows people to simulate highly complicated systems with lots of variables and nonlinearities associated with desi
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