Computer Simulation of Ventilation During Electric Welding Operations
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Vol. 61, No. 4, November, 2020
ECOLOGY COMPUTER SIMULATION OF VENTILATION DURING ELECTRIC WELDING OPERATIONS V. V. Shaptala,1 K. I. Logachev,1,3 N. N. Severin,2 E. E. Khukalenko,1 and Yu. M. Gusev2 Translated from Novye Ogneupory, No. 8, pp. 59 – 65, August, 2020.
Original article submitted June 8, 2020. The article considers the construction of an integrated ventilation system that combines local exhaust ventilation of welders’ workplaces and general exchange ventilation of premises. Using the method of computer simulation, the air movement fields, air temperature and concentration of harmful impurities are calculated. A comparative analysis of the main types of stationary devices for local exhaust ventilation of electric welding workplaces, such as exhaust hoods, welding panels, as well as air-blow exhaust devices, is carried out. The conditions for the effective use of lift-and-turn exhaust devices have been determined. The factors influencing the efficiency of their operation have been identified, and combinations of influencing factors that ensure the maximum permissible concentrations of harmful emissions in the welders’ working areas have been established. The conditions under which the general exchange effect of local exhaust is sufficient to maintain the concentration in the room at the level of maximum permissible concentrations (MPC) have been determined. The results obtained can be used to develop engineering methods for calculating and optimizing ventilation devices and systems, as well as to analyze structural and design solutions for the ventilation of electric welding productions. Keywords: electric arc welding, local exhaust ventilation, general exchange ventilation.
tems for local exhaust ventilation of welders’ workplaces is an urgent task [1 – 8]. The most unfavorable working conditions are observed during manual welding by electrodes. In electric arc welding, there is an intense emission of poisonous welding aerosol and many toxic gases. The composition and intensity of hazardous emissions depend on the type and consumption of welding materials (electrode wire, flux), as well as the power of the electric welding arc [4]. The air quality in the premises in which electric welding works are carried out is determined by heat and mass transfer processes that form the air movement fields, air temperature and concentration of harmful impurities. The main, and in some cases the only way to normalize the environment in welding premises is ventilation: local exhaust and general exchange ventilations, which are used together. The normalized parameters of the working area are the temperature, the air movement and the concentration of
INTRODUCTION Electric arc welding is widely used in various sectors of the national economy (mechanical engineering, production of building constructions, construction and assembly, repair and recovery works). The process of electric arc welding is accompanied by a number of harmful factors (emission of harmful aerosols, gases, radiated emission), and also has a high fire
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