Conditionals in Nonmonotonic Reasoning and Belief Revision Consi
Conditionals are omnipresent, in everyday life as well as in scientific environments; they represent generic knowledge acquired inductively or learned from books. They tie a flexible and highly interrelated network of connections along which reasoning is
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Lecture Notes in Computer Science Edited by G. Goos, J. Hartmanis, and J. van Leeuwen
2087
3
Berlin Heidelberg New York Barcelona Hong Kong London Milan Paris Singapore Tokyo
Gabriele Kern-Isberner
Conditionals in Nonmonotonic Reasoning and Belief Revision Considering Conditionals as Agents
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Series Editors Jaime G. Carbonell,Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA J¨org Siekmann, University of Saarland, Saarbr¨ucken, Germany Author Gabriele Kern-Isberner FernUniversit¨at Hagen Fachbereich Informatik, LG Praktische Informatik VI Postfach 940, 58084 Hagen E-mail:[email protected]
Cataloging-in-Publication Data applied for Die Deutsche Bibliothek - CIP-Einheitsaufnahme Kern-Isberner, Gabriele: Conditionals in nonmonotonic reasoning and belief revision : considering conditionals as agents / Gabriele Kern-Isberner. - Berlin ; Heidelberg ; New York ; Barcelona ; Hong Kong ; London ; Milan ; Paris ; Singapore ; Tokyo : Springer, 2001 (Lecture notes in computer science ; 2087 : Lecture notes in artificial intelligence) ISBN 3-540-42367-2
CR Subject Classification (1998): I.2.3, F.4.1, I.2 ISBN 3-540-42367-2 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York a member of BertelsmannSpringer Science+Business Media GmbH http://www.springer.de © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2001 Printed in Germany Typesetting: Camera-ready by author, data conversion by PTP Berlin, Stefan Sossna Printed on acid-free paper SPIN 10839346 06/3142 543210
Dedicated to my husband, Klaus, and to my children, Silja, Maj-Britt, and Malte.
Preface
Relationships amongst propositions are crucial pieces of knowledge. They express causal or plausible connections, bring isolated facts together, and help us obtain a coherent image of the world. Such relationships may be represented in a most general form by if-then-conditionals. Conditionals are omnipresent, in everyday life as well as in scientific environments. We make use of conditional knowledge when we avoid puddles on sidewalks (being aware of “If you step into a puddle, then your feet might get wet”) and when we expect high wheat prices from observing cold and rainy weather in spring and summer (due to “If the growing weather is poor then there will be an increase in the price of wheat”). Conditionals represent generic knowledge, acquired inductively from experience or learned from books. They tie a flexible and highly interrelated network
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