Constraining the tidal charge of brane black holes using their shadows
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Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Constraining the tidal charge of brane black holes using their shadows Juliano C. S. Nevesa Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Avenida dos Estados 5001, Santo André, São Paulo 09210-580, Brazil
Received: 13 July 2020 / Accepted: 31 July 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract A constraint on the tidal charge generated within a brane world is shown. Using the shadow of a rotating black hole in a brane context in order to describe the M87* parameters recently announced by the Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration, the deviation from circularity of the reported shadow produces an upper bound on the bulk’s nonlocal effect, which is conceived of as a tidal charge in the fourdimensional brane induced by the five-dimensional bulk. Therefore, a deviation from circularity 10% leads to an upper bound on the tidal charge 0.004M 2 .
1 Introduction The recent shadow of the supermassive black hole M87* at the center of the Messier 87 galaxy built by the Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration (EHT) [1,2] is a new window for studies in strong gravitational field. The shadow cast by black holes depends on the metric parameters, and the main candidate for the M87* shadow is the Kerr geometry, despite the existence of alternatives to the M87* shadow like superspinars [3] and regular black holes [4,5]. The shadow reported by the collaboration presents a deviation from circularity less than ten percent, i.e., ΔC 10%. Using constraints coming from the EHT, researchers have obtained upper bounds on the rotation parameter of M87* [3], extra dimension length [6], cosmological parameters [7], magnetic charge from black holes in nonlinear electrodynamics [8], and on the parameter of the generalized uncertainty principle [4]. The importance of the shadow phenomenon is due to use of an appropriate geometry for studies on the strong gravitational field, a geometry that describes a rotating black hole. Shadows of objects have been studied since the Synge work [9] on the shadow of the nonrotating Schwarzschild black hole. In the same direction, Bardeen [10] built the a e-mail:
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first shadow for the Kerr geometry, which is a rotating black hole. Since those pioneer works, shadows of different black holes have been published, like shadows for the Reissner–Nordström black hole [11], the Kerr–Newman black hole [12], black holes with a cosmological constant [13], Kerr–Newman-NUT black hole [14], Kerr–Newman– Kasuya black hole [15], regular black holes [4,16–18] and for braneworld black holes [19,20]. In this work, a vacuum brane will be considered, then the role of an accretion disk in the shadow phenomenon will be an issue for a future work. Indeed, models of accretion disks for different geometries are still in development [21–24]. Shadows of rotating black holes with a cosmological constant in a brane context will be focused on this work in order to describe the M87* data and produce an upper bound on the tida
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