Control of the separation order of Au(III), Pd(II), and Pt(IV) achieved by site-controllable carboxyl-functionalized die
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Control of the separation order of Au(III), Pd(II), and Pt(IV) achieved by site-controllable carboxyl-functionalized diethylaminoethyl celluloses Wanghuan Guo . Zhigang Zhao . Fan Yang . Meiying Xie . Zhiheng Shao . Liyan Xue . Yang Zhang . Wanqing Lin . Chang Du . Yongjian Zhang
Received: 21 February 2020 / Accepted: 15 September 2020 Ó Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract The separation and recovery of Au(III), Pd(II), and Pt(IV) is a challenge in hydrometallurgy, and finding good adsorbents is a way to solve this problem. In this work, two novel adsorbents, carboxymethyldiethylammoniumethyl cellulose (CM-nDEAEC) and carboxymethyl-2-diethylaminoethyl cellulose (CM-o-DEAEC), were synthesized by changing the grafting site of carboxymethyl on diethylaminoethyl cellulose (DEAEC). The structures
W. Guo Z. Zhao F. Yang (&) M. Xie (&) Z. Shao L. Xue Y. Zhang W. Lin C. Du CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research On the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China e-mail: [email protected] M. Xie e-mail: [email protected] W. Guo Z. Zhao F. Yang M. Xie Z. Shao L. Xue Y. Zhang W. Lin C. Du Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
and morphologies of the adsorbents were examined by NMR, FT-IR, EA, TGA, and SEM analyses. The effects of adsorbents on the separation performance of Au(III), Pd(II), and Pt(IV) at different adsorption conditions were studied. The performances of stripping and recycling were investigated. At a 3 M chloride ion concentration, CM-n-DEAEC’s adsorption rates for Pd(II), Au(III), and Pt(IV) were stabilized at 60%, 30%, and 7% in the pH range of 1.0–3.0 and were unaffected by coexisting metal ions. However, at a 0.1 M chloride ion concentration, CM-oDEAEC separated Pt(IV) before Au(III) and Pd(II) in the pH range from 1.0 to 2.0 without being affected by coexisting metal ions. In addition, the absorbed metal ions can be easily stripped by a 0.1 M thiourea-0.1 M HCl solution, and the adsorption rate only decreased by 3.0% and 1.8% after seven adsorption–desorption cycles. Therefore, it was shown that CM-n-DEAEC and CM-o-DEAEC are excellent adsorbents that can control the adsorption order of precious metals and can selectively and quickly recover Pd(II) or Pt(IV) from wastes containing Au(III).
Z. Zhao F. Yang Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian 116023, China Y. Zhang Fujian Changting Golden Dragon Rare-Earth Co., Ltd., Longyan 366300, China
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Cellulose
Graphic abstract
Keywords Carboxyl functionalization Diethylaminoethyl cellulose Separation order Gold Palladium Platinum
Introduction Precious metals are rare and sparsely dispersed, but they play an important role in modern industry, science, and technology (Choudhary et al. 2018; Dong and Zhao 2018; Lin
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