Correlation between Barkhausen noise and mechanical sensitivity in FINEMET-type materials
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S. Szabo´ Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Debrecen, 4028 Debrecen, O´temeto˝ 2–4, Hungary
L. Harasztosi Department of Solid State Physics, University of Debrecen, 4010 Debrecen, Hungary
F. Za´mborszky and J. Nye´ki Magnetec Ungarn GmbH, H-3200, Gyo¨ngyo¨s, Pipis hegy, Hungary
Z. Erde´lyi and D.L. Bekea) Department of Solid State Physics, University of Debrecen, 4010 Debrecen, Hungary (Received 5 May 2008; accepted 23 September 2008)
FINEMET-type (Fe75Si15NbBCu) ribbons were heat treated, and their magnetic properties were analyzed. Permeability, thermal, and mechanical sensitivities were measured by commonly used industrial methods, and these properties were correlated with measured magnetic Barkhausen noise parameters. Distributions of peak area, A, and peak noise energy, E, were evaluated. Distribution functions of noise parameters, P(x), were in good agreement with the theory of self-organized criticality (SOC), satisfying power laws in the form P(x)xa. It is found that the noise did not considerably depend on the temperature sensitivity parameter and on the permeability of ribbons. However, a useful correlation between the noise parameters and mechanical sensitivity has been observed. Minimal noise was detected for samples with negligible mechanical sensitivity in an amorphous-nanocrystalline composite state obtained by a heat treatment at 853 K. I. INTRODUCTION
Magnetic Barkhausen noise (BN) can be used as an effective probe to investigate and understand the magnetization properties of ferromagnetic materials. The method has been widely used for detection, evaluation, and explanation of magnetic properties of ferromagnetic alloys in industrial applications already for more than 30 years. There are two significant topics that have been intensively investigated in recent years. On the one hand, the fundamental research is oriented towards modern evaluation of statistics of the peak distributions.1–6 The scaling properties, universality classes, and stress effects on the magnetic noise spectra are the focus of these investigations. On the other hand, applications of the BN technique for characterization of industrial soft and hard magnetic alloys are also important.1,7 For example, the widely used industrial materials, FINEMET-type ribbons, were investigated recently in several studies.1,8,9 It was found from transmission electron microscopy (TEM), differential a)
Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected]. DOI: 10.1557/JMR.2009.0015
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J. Mater. Res., Vol. 24, No. 1, Jan 2009
scanning calorimetry, and x-ray investigations in Refs. 8 and 9 that, during isochronal heat treatments, the volume fraction of nanocrystalline Fe particles in the nanocrystalline composite FINEMET material gradually increased with increasing temperature from zero up to approximately 70% in the 673 to 873 K temperature interval. Products that are originally obtained from amorphous FINEMET ribbons are one of the most frequently used soft magnetic materials for industrial and ever
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