Correlation Between SPT and PMT for Sandy Silt: A Case Study from Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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RESEARCH ARTICLE - CIVIL ENGINEERING
Correlation Between SPT and PMT for Sandy Silt: A Case Study from Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Mohd Faiz Mohammad Zaki1,2 · Mohd Ashraf Mohamad Ismail1 · Darvintharen Govindasamy1 Received: 5 February 2020 / Accepted: 30 May 2020 © King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals 2020
Abstract In this study, the pressuremeter modulus (EM) and the unload–reload modulus (Eur) consisted of a wide range of data were correlated to blow counts (N60) using a maximum of 50 blows/300 mm and the extrapolated N60 of 300 blows/300 mm. A 3D model and statistical analysis were used to provide relevant justifications for the selection of this extrapolation method, considering that N60 was limited to 50 blows. In generating a 3D model, the N60 profile was developed using the inverse distance weighting method for predicting unsampled data between boreholes. Correlations were established for the sandy silt soil type that was observed as the dominant lithology in the Klang Valley Mass Rapid Transit line 1 project in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. A total 52 pressuremeter test and standard penetration test data pairs were obtained at depths ranging from 6 to 41.7 m within the Kenny Hill Formation (KHF) and the contact zone between the KHF and the limestone formation. This contact zone has shown distinct geological features with the characteristic of a lower N60 value underlying stiff strata. According to the EM/Eur ratio, the maximum value of 7 indicated that this zone is unpredicted in initial and unload–reload stiffness compared to the non-contact zone (the KHF only), with a maximum ratio of 3. Therefore, separate correlations were established to distinguish these zones. Strong correlations between N60 and EM were identified by splitting these zones. The proposed correlation was then compared with the previous research. Keywords Standard penetration test · Pressuremeter test · Sandy silt · Kenny hill formation
1 Introduction A pressuremeter test (PMT) is an in-situ test that commonly used in determining strength and deformation properties of any soil and weak rock [1]. A PMT is typically performed in large-scale projects with a significant budget allocated for the site investigation works. A standard penetration test (SPT), on the other hand, is the most popular in-situ test, inexpensive, simple and widely used in geotechnical subsurface investigations, as there is an extensive database that can be used to estimate the soil’s resistance parameter [2, 3]. Many geotechnical design parameters of the soil are * Mohd Ashraf Mohamad Ismail [email protected] 1
School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Seberang Prai Selatan, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
School of Environmental Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kompleks Pusat Pengajian Jejawi 3, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
2
associated with the standard penetration test (SPT) and minimize the difficulties that occurred during sampling processes in coarse-grained soils and the disturbance of the sampling
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