Correlation of Uniaxial Compressive Strength with Indirect Tensile Strength (Brazilian) and 2nd Cycle of Slake Durabilit
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Correlation of Uniaxial Compressive Strength with Indirect Tensile Strength (Brazilian) and 2nd Cycle of Slake Durability Index for Evaporitic Rocks Hasan Arman
Received: 18 July 2020 / Accepted: 18 September 2020 Ó Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract In engineering applications of rock materials, predicting the uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) is essential, particularly in the preliminary stage of a project. The UCS of rock materials is profoundly affected by the rock type, porosity, grain size, water content, etc. The rigor and cost of sampling as well as sample preparation are more than those of the Brazilian (indirect tensile strength, ITS) and 2nd cycle of slake durability index (Id2) tests. Therefore, ITS or Id2 values can be used to predict the UCS value of rocks through correlation. In this study, evaporitic rocks from Al Ain, United Arab Emirates (UAE) were examined. Forty-eight representative rock blocks were collected, while avoiding anisotropy effects of thinly bedded rocks along with the gypsiferous layers. The relations between UCS and ITS and UCS and Id2 were estimated with representative empirical equations. Results reveal moderate correlation between them. Moreover, Student’s t and F tests show that there is a significant correlation between UCS and ITS and Id2. Further, the fit between the predicted and measured values was evaluated in terms of the 1:1 line, a good index to confirm the reliability of the empirical relationship. Finally, the study demonstrates that ITS or Id2 can estimate the UCS of evaporitic rocks within a certain correlation coefficient, R. H. Arman (&) Geosciences Department, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, P. O. Box: 15551, Al Ain, UAE e-mail: [email protected]
Keywords Correlation Uniaxial compressive strength Indirect tensile strength Second cycle of slake durability index Evaporitic rocks Gypsum
1 Introduction In engineering practices of rocks material, the characterization of strength and appropriate application of rocks for different construction objectives are critical tasks for designers. The rock strength determines the short- and long-term stability and performance of structures, which is usually directly determined by the uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) test. The UCS test, as outlined by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM D2938–95 1995; ASTM D4543–08e1 2008) or the International Society for Rock Mechanics (Press 1981), is relatively expensive, destructive, and time-consuming. Furthermore, to obtain a typical strength value for a rock material, the number of samples must be tested accordingly (Yilmaz and Sendir 2002; Kurtulus et al. 2018; Heidari et al. 2012; Arman et al. 2019). The Brazilian indirect tensile strength (ITS) test is an indirect method for predicting the UCS of rock materials. The ITS test is simple, fast, and requires only diametrical disc rock samples for testing. Details of the required specification of samples, preparat
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