Correlations Between Audiovisual Temporal Processing and Sensory Responsiveness in Adolescents with Autistic Traits
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Correlations Between Audiovisual Temporal Processing and Sensory Responsiveness in Adolescents with Autistic Traits Han‑yu Zhou1,2 · Han‑xue Yang1,2 · Li‑juan Shi3 · Simon S. Y. Lui4 · Eric F. C. Cheung4 · Raymond C. K. Chan1,2
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Atypical sensory processing has recently gained much research interest as a key domain of autistic symptoms. Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit difficulties in processing the temporal aspects of sensory inputs, and show altered behavioural responses to sensory stimuli (i.e., sensory responsiveness). The present study examined the relation between sensory responsiveness (assessed by the Adult/Adolescent Sensory Profile) and audiovisual temporal integration (measured by unisensory temporal order judgement (TOJ) tasks and audiovisual simultaneity judgement (SJ) tasks) in typically-developing adolescents (n = 94). We found that adolescents with higher levels of autistic traits exhibited more difficulties in separating visual stimuli in time (i.e., larger visual TOJ threshold) and showed a stronger bias to perceive sound-leading audiovisual pairings as simultaneous. Regarding the associations between different measures of sensory function, reduced visual temporal acuity, but not auditory or multisensory temporal processing, was significantly correlated with more atypical patterns of sensory responsiveness. Furthermore, the positive correlation between visual TOJ thresholds and sensory avoidance was only found in adolescents with relatively high levels of autistic traits, but not in those with relatively low levels of autistic traits. These findings suggest that reduced visual temporal acuity may contribute to altered sensory experiences and may be linked to broader behavioural characteristics of ASD. Keywords Sensory responsiveness · Temporal acuity · Visual · Auditory · Audiovisual · Autistic traits
Introduction Atypical sensory processing is prevalent in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Up to 90% of ASD children demonstrate altered sensory experiences during their early developmental period, affecting all sensory modalities Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04724-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Raymond C. K. Chan [email protected] 1
Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Beijing 100101, China
2
Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
3
School of Education, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, China
4
Castle Peak Hospital, Hong Kong, China
and contributing to difficulties in higher-order cognitive and social functions (Baum et al. 2015; Robertson and BaronCohen 2017; Thye et al. 2018). These sensory differences in ASD have been d
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