Corrosion assessment and control techniques for reinforced concrete structures: a review
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(2020) 5:1
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Corrosion assessment and control techniques for reinforced concrete structures: a review Md Daniyal1 · Sabih Akhtar1 Received: 14 December 2018 / Accepted: 12 November 2019 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019
Abstract Steel corrosion is the main source of damage and early failure of reinforcement concrete structures that in turns create huge economical loss and creating environmental problems. In the past, several corrosion assessment techniques such as potential measurement, gravimetric weight loss measurement, electrical resistivity measurement, sensors and electrochemical methods for instance potentiodynamic polarization, linear polarization resistance, galvanostatic pulse, and electrochemical impedance have been developed to detect corrosion condition of steel in concrete. Though the potential measurement, resistivity measurement and sensors can only provide the qualitative information about the steel corrosion. The weight loss measurement is an efficient technique for corrosion rate measurement of steel, but it is destructive and requires long exposure times. The electrochemical techniques are non-destructive in nature and are used to determine corrosion rate of steel in laboratory as well as field studies. However each of these methods possesses certain advantages and limitations, therefore a combination of these techniques is recommended to use to obtain the corrosion condition of steel. As far as corrosion control techniques for steel reinforced concrete are concerned, several methods such as cathodic protection, electrochemical chloride extraction, surface treatments of the steel, surface treatment of concrete, utilization of mineral admixtures and chemical corrosion inhibitors have been developed in the past. Each of these methods offers some advantages and disadvantages. Thus, more researches are required to develop such methods of corrosion protection of steel that are economical, durable, environmentfriendly and do not cause any adverse effect on the structural performance of concrete and steel. Keywords Steel corrosion · Economical loss · Environmental problems · Corrosion assessment techniques · Corrosion control techniques
1 Introduction Prior to the invention of cement, mortars were made by mixing water, sand and slaked lime [1]. John Smeaton discovered hydraulic lime mortars in 1754 [2]. A British mason named Joseph discovered the cement in 1824 and filed the first patent on Portland cement [3]. However, the objects prepared with the use of Portland cement were extremely brittle and incapable to tolerate shocks. Joseph Monier, a French gardener in 1867 made flowerpots with embedded iron nails and consequently observed a remarkable enhancement in the durability of his pots. Afterward, efficient scientific developments in concrete manufacture took place. In * Md Daniyal [email protected] 1
Department of Civil Engineering, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
1911, American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) formulated a detailed specification
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