Cosmology with mass dimension one fields: recent developments
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part of Springer Nature, 2020 https://doi.org/10.1140/epjst/e2020-900271-x
THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL SPECIAL TOPICS
Review
Cosmology with mass dimension one fields: recent developments S. H. Pereira1,a , R. de C. Lima1 , M. E. S. Alves1,2 , T. M. Guimar˜aes3 , J. F. Jesus1,4 , and A. P. S. Souza5 1
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Engenharia de Guaratinguet´ a, Departamento de F´ısica e Qu´ımica, Guaratinguet´ a, SP 12516-410, Brazil Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Ciˆencia e Tecnologia, S˜ ao Jos´e dos Campos, SP 12247-004, Brazil Instituto Federal do Paran´ a, Campus Ivaipor˜ a, Ivaipor˜ a, PR 86870-000, Brazil Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Campus Experimental de Itapeva – R. Geraldo Alckmin, 519, 18409-010, Itapeva, SP, Brazil Instituto de Pesquisas Energ´eticas e Nucleares (IPEN) – Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, 2242, 05508-000 S˜ ao Paulo, SP, Brazil Received 29 November 2019 / Accepted 22 July 2020 Published online 21 September 2020 Abstract. The recent developments with mass dimension one fermionic fields in a cosmological context are briefly presented. The main results for inflation, dark matter, dark energy, cosmological perturbations, particle creation and interacting models are discussed. The Friedmann– Robertson–Walker equations for both torsion and torsion free cases are compared and discussed in different scenarios. We review and call attention for some important assumptions made on derivation of the motion equations. Other approaches and generalizations are suggested and some limitations are presented.
1 Introduction The new class of mass dimension one (MDO) fermionic fields proposed recently by Ahluwalia and Grumiller [1–3] has interesting properties on both particle physics and cosmology. The corresponding fermionic fields are constructed by means of charge conjugation symmetry, which make them natural candidates to describe dark matter particles in the universe, since they are neutral and have canonical mass dimension one. These features imply the field to couple very weakly to other particles of the standard model. Different from Dirac fermion, which has mass dimension 32 , is parity conjugation invariant and admits several couplings with standard model particles, the MDO field has an intrinsic dark character. In its first formulation, the spin sums of the quantized fields showed to be Lorentz violating due to the intrinsic definition of their dual fields, which rose several doubts on the applicability of this new field. Such an old construction was named Elko1 . a
e-mail: [email protected] 1 From
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The European Physical Journal Special Topics
However, recently [4,5] a subtle deformation in the dual structure solved the problems of Lorentz violation, putting the theory in solid bases from the point of view of the quantum field theory, and the new fields are called just mass dimension one fermionic fields. Throughout the text we use Elko or MDO field indistinctly. Th
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