Cross-correlation effect of ARAIM test statistic on false alarm risk
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Cross‑correlation effect of ARAIM test statistic on false alarm risk Eugene Bang1 · Carl Milner1 · Christophe Macabiau1 Received: 28 August 2019 / Accepted: 6 June 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The requirement for ARAIM continuity risk due to the monitor false alarm has been outlined in earlier works for ARAIM development (WG-C in ARAIM technical subgroup milestone 3 report, 2016). However, the expected continuity risk comes from an underlying conservative assumption that the correlation between multiple monitors for fault detection is negligible. Thus, we investigate the effect of the cross-correlation across ARAIM solution separation tests on the monitor false alarm probability ( PFA ) by presenting a higher fidelity methodology to evaluate the PFA based on highly correlated fault detection tests. We carry out a preliminary assessment of ARAIM false alarm performance by using the proposed method. It was found that considering the cross-correlation among monitor test statistics reduces the predicted PFA by up to approximately 50% of the predefined requirement (e.g., 10−6 ) when triple satellite faults were considered. Despite such improvement, the baseline ARAIM implementation does not appear to be overly conservative. Keywords Advanced receiver autonomous integrity monitoring (ARAIM) · False alarm · Test statistic cross-correlation
Introduction Single-frequency receiver autonomous integrity monitoring (RAIM) has been designed to mitigate global positioning system (GPS) integrity threats due to measurement faults (Lee 1986; Parkinson and Axelrad 1998), and since the mid1990s, GPS with RAIM has been used as a navigation tool in safety–critical civil aviation applications (RTCA Special Committee 159 1991). With the modernization of GPS and the full deployment of new Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) constellations including the European Galileo, the Russian Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS) and the Chinese BeiDou, an increased number of GNSS measurements are expected to be available. Such revolutionary improvements in the satellite constellations have recently drawn strong interest to expand the use of RAIM to more stringent phases of aircraft navigation requiring vertical guidance (Blanch et al. 2015). With this goal, the GPS Evolutionary Architecture Study (GEAS) outlined a new dual-frequency multi-constellation * Eugene Bang [email protected] 1
Department of Air Navigation Engineering, Ecole Nationale de l’Aviation Civile (ENAC), 7 Avenue Edouard Belin, 31055 Toulouse, France
advanced RAIM (ARAIM) concept and a corresponding user algorithm (FAA 2010; Blanch et al. 2007; Lee and McLaughlin 2007). Since the GEAS phase II report, there has been a substantial effort on the development of a refined reference airborne algorithm, including fault detection and exclusion (FDE) methods, and potential ARAIM architectures in the Working Group C (WG-C) ARAIM technical subgroup under the EU and US Agreement on GPS-Galileo C
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