Culture and Identity Politics in Northern Ireland

Civilization and culture have traditionally been regarded as mutually exclusive concepts. In this comparative case-study of Northern Ireland, Máiréad Nic Craith explores the commitment of unionists to a civic, 'culture-blind' British state; contrasting th

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Books previously published by the author An tOileánach Léannta Malartú Teanga Plural Identities – Singular Narratives Watching One’s Tongue: Aspects of Celtic and Romance Languages Watching One’s Tongue: Issues in Language Planning

Culture and Identity Politics in Northern Ireland Máiréad Nic Craith Academy for Irish Cultural Heritages, University of Ulster

© Máiréad Nic Craith 2003 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2003 978-0-333-79386-2 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4LP. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The author has asserted her right to be identified as the author of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2003 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS and 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010 Companies and representatives throughout the world Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the Palgrave Macmillan division of St. Martin’s Press, LLC and of Palgrave Macmillan Ltd. Macmillan® is a registered trademark in the United States, United Kingdom and other countries. Palgrave is a registered trademark in the European Union and other countries. ISBN 978-1-349-41998-2 DOI 10.1057/9781403948113

ISBN 978-1-4039-4811-3 (eBook)

This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Nic Craith, Máiréad. Culture and identity politics in Northern Ireland / Máiréad Nic Craith. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Northern Ireland – Politics and government. 2. Political culture – Northern Ireland. 3. Group identity – Northern Ireland. 4. Biculturalism – Northern Ireland. I. Title. DA990.U46 N49 2003 306.2⬘09416–dc21 10 12

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Contents Acknowledgements List of Abbreviations 1

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vii ix

Introduction: Culture, Identity and the Politics of Difference

1

Culture, identity and community The politics of difference Discourses of recognition Culture, identity and politics

2 10 16 21

Culture, Belonging and a Sense of Place

25

Evolving political traditions A sense of place Cultural and political nationalisms Liberalism, culture and the public space

26 32 36 41

The Politics of a Bicultural Society

48

The cultural infrastructure Political initiatives Redefining Ulster-British culture Cultural equality and parity of esteem

48 54 57 62

Reviving