Curvelet transform based robust copyright protection scheme for color images using extended visual cryptography
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Curvelet transform based robust copyright protection scheme for color images using extended visual cryptography Sonal Kukreja1
· Geeta Kasana1 · Singara Singh Kasana1
Received: 29 June 2019 / Revised: 10 May 2020 / Accepted: 27 May 2020 / © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract A copyright protection scheme based on curvelet transform, k-means clustering and extended visual cryptography is proposed for color images. Unlike the existing schemes, the proposed scheme creates meaningful shares to provide better security and handles false positive cases efficiently. Curvelet Transform is applied on Y component of host image to generate six-scale layers. Out of these layers, non fine scale layers are selected to generate the master share, which is further processed by Henon map to enhance its security. Two watermarks are used in the proposed scheme. One of them is provided by the user and other one is constructed by using Cb and Cr components of the host image. Second watermark is used to to handle false positives. Meaningful ownership share is constructed from the master share, both watermarks and cover image by using extended visual secret sharing. Master share is overlapped with its corresponding ownership share to reveal the watermark which is further used to prove the ownership. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme clearly verifies the copyright of the digital images, is robust to withstand several image processing attacks and handles false positive cases efficiently. Comparison with the existing copyright protection schemes shows that the proposed scheme gives better performance. Keywords Copyright protection · Curvelet transform · k-means clustering · Extended visual cryptography · Henon map · Normalized correlation · PSNR
Sonal Kukreja
[email protected] Geeta Kasana [email protected] Singara Singh Kasana [email protected] 1
Computer Science and Engineering Department, Thapar Institue of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab 147004, India
Multimedia Tools and Applications
1 Introduction Digital watermarking is used to protect the copyright of various digtal media files like images, texts, audio, video, etc. In a watermarking scheme, watermark is embedded in the cover media which should not be easily detected and removed. Only the owner of the image should be able to extract this watermark from the watermarked image, and use it to prove the copyright on image in case of any dispute. A watermarking scheme should be imperceptible, robust, secure and blind. Visual Cryptography (VC) or Visual Secret Sharing (VSS), proposed by Naor and Shamir [20], is a variation of encryption schemes. In a VSS, the secret image is shared among a number of participants in such a way that every participant gets a part of the secret. In decryption phase, no complex computation or cryptographic algorithms are required to decrypt the secret image. It can simply be retrieved by superimposing different shares. In k-out-of-n VSS scheme, the secret image is encoded and
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