Data Mining A Knowledge Discovery Approach
This comprehensive textbook on data mining details the unique steps of the knowledge discovery process that prescribe the sequence in which data mining projects should be performed. Data Mining offers an authoritative treatment of all development phases f
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Data Mining A Knowledge Discovery Approach
Krzysztof J. Cios Witold Pedrycz Roman W. Swiniarski Lukasz A. Kurgan
Krzysztof J. Cios Virginia Commonwealth University Computer Science Dept Richmond, VA 23284 & University of Colorado USA [email protected]
Witold Pedrycz University of Alberta Electrical and Computer Engineering Dept Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2V4 CANADA [email protected]
Roman W. Swiniarski San Diego State University Computer Science Dept San Diego, CA 92182 USA & Polish Academy of Sciences [email protected]
Lukasz A. Kurgan University of Alberta Electrical and Computer Engineering Dept Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2V4 CANADA [email protected]
Library of Congress Control Number: 2007921581 ISBN-13: 978-0-387-33333-5
e-ISBN-13: 978-0-387-36795-8
Printed on acid-free paper. © 2007 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 springer.com
To Konrad Julian – so that you never abandon your inquisitive mind KJC To Ewa, Barbara, and Adam WP To my beautiful and beloved wife Halinka and daughter Ania RWS To the beautiful and extraordinary pianist whom I accompany in life, and to my brother and my parents for their support LAK
Table of Contents
Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi Acknowledgement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv Part 1
Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery Process
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Chapter 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1. What is Data Mining? ...................................................................................... 2. How does Data Mining Differ from Other Approaches?................................ 3. Summary and Bibliographical Notes ............................................................... 4. Exercises ...........................................................................................................
3 3 5 6 7
Chapter 2. The Knowledge Discovery Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1. Introduction.........................................................
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