Decentralization on the Example of the Yemeni Water Sector
Decentralization is widely discussed in the literature. Katharina Mewes gives an introduction to the theoretical and practical dimensions of decentralization in an accessible and systematic way. On the example of the reform process for the Yemeni Urban Wa
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VS RESEARCH
Katharina Mewes
Decentralization on the Example of the Yemeni Water Sector
VS RESEARCH
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1st Edition 2011 All rights reserved © VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH 2011 Editorial Office: Dorothee Koch | Anita Wilke VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften is a brand of Springer Fachmedien. Springer Fachmedien is part of Springer Science+Business Media. www.vs-verlag.de No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright holder. Registered and/or industrial names, trade names, trade descriptions etc. cited in this publication are part of the law for trade-mark protection and may not be used free in any form or by any means even if this is not specifically marked. Cover design: KünkelLopka Medienentwicklung, Heidelberg Printed on acid-free paper Printed in Germany ISBN 978-3-531-17882-0
Acknowledgement
It is a pleasure to thank all those who have encouraged and supported me during my research. First and foremost, I wish to thank my parents and my "host" mom Su Anne Schloo who have supported me with the editing and revising of the paper. Further my thanks and appreciations to my Yemeni "host" families and to Mohammed A. H. Al-Qumali who have enabled me to gain insights in the Yemeni society and the specifics of the local culture. I am grateful for the support and advice from my supervisor Dr. Martin Beck. Special thanks to Jochen Renger and Gerhard Lichtenthaeler (GTZ Water Sector Program) who have drawn my attention to the topic of the decentralization of the urban water supply and sanitation. Thanks to Barbara Gerhager, Mokhlesa AI-Zaeim, Anwer Sahooly, and Ziad Shawagfeh (GTZ Water Sector Program) for providing me with information, documents, and insights. Last but not least, thanks to all the participants who were available for interviews and provided me with information.
Katharina Mewes
Abstract
This paper introduces the reader to the theoretical and practical dimensions of decentralization in an accessible and systematic way. Based on the example of the reform process for the Yemeni Urban Water Supply and Sanitation (UWSS), it links the theoretical, conceptual, and methodological aspects of decentralization to empirie problems. Against the background of the increasing water scarcity in Yemen, areform process for the Urban Water Supply and Sanitation (UWSS) was initiated in 1997. The main elements of the reforms were decentralization, corporatization, commercialization, community participation, financial sustainability, private sector integration, and separation between service delivery, executive, and regulatory functions. Since the st
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