Decoupling Thermal and Electrical Effect in an Electrically Assisted Uniaxial Tensile Test Using Finite Element Analysis
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THE progress in design of automotive body structures with improved performance expectations has led to innovations in material design and manufacturing processes. Along with the development of new materials,[1,2] alternate manufacturing processes aimed at improving the formability of metals are being developed.[3–6] The electrically assisted forming is one such innovative forming process which involves intermittent application of electric current during the forming of sheet metal components.[7] The electric current alters the mechanical behavior of the materials during plastic deformation and the phenomenon is called electroplasticity. Most of the studies on electroplasticity focus on applying intermittent DC pulses during plastic deformation.[8,9] Detailed experimental investigations on the effect of material, pre-strain, polarity, and other mechanical behavior like fatigue and creep on electroplasticity have been studied on different metals in the past; details of which are summarized in the excellent reviews.[9,10] The interest in KRISHNASWAMY HARIHARAN, Assistant Professor, is with the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110 016, India. MYOUNG-GYU LEE, Professor, is with the Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Korea. Contact e-mail: [email protected] MOON-JO KIM, Graduate Student, and HEUNG NAM HAN, Professor, are with the Department of Materials Science and Engineering, RIAM, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea. Contact e-mail: [email protected] DAEYONG KIM, Senior Researcher, is with the Materials Deformation Group, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon, Korea. SEOGOU CHOI, Principal Researcher, is with the Metal Forming Technology R&D Group, KITECH, Inchon 406-840, Korea. Manuscript submitted August 19, 2014. METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A
electroplasticity has gained much interest of late[11–16] in the potential application of enhancing formability[7] and reducing spring-back[17] in sheet metal components. The application is especially useful in materials such as magnesium,[18] titanium,[19] and certain aluminum alloys,[15] which exhibit poor formability at room temperature. The warm forming which is generally required for such alloys can be replaced by electrically assisted forming. Recent studies[15,16] utilize the advancements in experimental techniques to capture the mechanical behavior and temperature distribution accurately. It was earlier argued that the observed electroplastic effect on flow stress could possibly be due to the accompanying Joule heating. Subsequent studies clarified that there exists an independent electrical–mechanical relation which alters the flow behavior even under isothermal condition.[20] For instance, Andrawes et al.[8] reported that the electric current reduced the deformation energy in AlMgSiCu alloy without substantially increasing the work piece temperature. It is generally assumed that the plastic deformation occurs by thermally activated mech
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