Delayed Effects of Surgery during Early Pregnancy on Brain Development in OXYS Rats
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Delayed Effects of Surgery during Early Pregnancy on Brain Development in OXYS Rats I. N. Rozhkova,1 E. Yu. Brusentsev,1 T. N. Igonina,1 D. S. Ragaeva,1 O. M. Petrova,1,2 V. A. Naprimerov,1,4 M. A. Tikhonova,1,3 UDC 574/577, 576.37, 591.16, 57.085.23 T. G. Amstislavskaya,2,3 and S. Ya. Amstislavsky1,2
Translated from Zhurnal Vysshei Nervnoi Deyatel’nosti imeni I. P. Pavlova, Vol. 69, No. 5, pp. 618–628, September–October, 2019. Original article submitted June 19, 2018. Revised version received October 2, 2018. Accepted November 20, 2018. The aim of the present work was to study the effects of stress induced by surgical interventions in early pregnancy on neuron density in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampal fields CA1 and CA3 and on neurogenesis in the dentate fascia of the hippocampus in the adult offspring of OXYS rats. Female OXTS rats were paired with fertile males of the same strain and, 96 h after detection of spermatozoids in vaginal smears, underwent a surgical procedure imitating embryo transplantation. The offspring of these females (OXYS-PS) were studied in comparison with intact OXYS and WAG rats aged five months. The density of pyramidal neurons in the prefrontal cortex of intact OXYS rats was significantly greater than that in rats of the WAG control strain. Neuron density in hippocampal field CA1 in intact OXYS rats was smaller, while that in field CA3 was greater, than that in WAG rats. No significant differences in the intensity of neurogenesis were seen between intact WAG and OXYS rats. In rats of the experimental group, OXYS-PS, the density of pyramidal neurons was lower in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampal field CA1 than in both control strains, while in field CA3 it was lower only in comparison with intact OXYS rats. In addition, rats of the OXYS-PS group showed a higher level of neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus than both control strains. Keywords: OXYS rats, pregnancy, surgery, delayed effects, prefrontal cortex, hippocampus.
Introduction. The health of the future child is largely dependent on the course of its prenatal development, particularly the influences of the mother’s body on the developing embryo. There are data showing that stress and other adverse influences experienced by the mother during pregnancy are able to induce long-term sequelae such as impaired offspring growth dynamics, hypertension, and insulin-independent diabetes in the postnatal period [Barker,
2000]. These observations underlie the DOHaD hypothesis (Developmental Origin of Health and Disease), which has been supported by various data. Thus, there are studies of the influences of prenatal stress on changes in behavior of offspring at adult age and the occurrence in these of a variety of neurological disorders [Barker and Thornburg, 2013; Wilson et al., 2013; Said et al., 2015; Badache et al., 2017]. The DOHaD hypothesis also applies to the preimplantation stage of prenatal ontogeny and has various lines of experimental support [Kwong et al., 2000; Rozhkova et al., 2017; Igonina et al., 201
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