Deriving hierarchical complexity from simplistic colloidal templates
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troduction Multiscale templating strategies capable of directing assembly of molecules, macromolecules, nanoparticles, or microparticles have promise for realizing hierarchical structuring in amorphous to crystalline materials and across a continuum of scales.1,2 While no single templating strategy enables comprehensive control among all scales or material classes, Figure 1a highlights the range of scales that can be accessed by structural “soft” and “hard” templating, spanning molecular to macroscopic dimensions. Soft molecular porogens can template micropores (e.g., in zeolites), or they can be assembled into macromolecular structures such as micelles and ordered lyotropic liquid-crystal phases (e.g., cubic, hexagonal, lamellar) that can be exploited as sacrificial templates of replica mesopores. As such, soft templating offers pore-size control spanning
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