Description of an influenza outbreak in a French university hospital and risk factors of nosocomial influenza
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BRIEF REPORT
Description of an influenza outbreak in a French university hospital and risk factors of nosocomial influenza Alexis Bocquet 1 & Claire Wintenberger 1 & Julien Lupo 2 & Patrice Morand 2 & Patricia Pavese 3 & Meghann Gallouche 4,5 & Bruno Lina 6 & Laurence Bouillet 1 & Jean-Luc Bosson 5 & Marie-Reine Mallaret 4,5 & Caroline Landelle 4,5,7 Received: 6 August 2020 / Accepted: 9 October 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Our objective was to evaluate risk factors of nosocomial influenza (NI) in an university hospital during the 2015/2016 influenza season. All hospitalized patients with influenza-like illness associated with laboratory confirmation by polymerase chain reaction were included in a prospective observational study. We identified 44 cases (19%) of NI among the 233 cases of influenza: 38/178 (21%) in adults and 6/55 (11%) in children. Among adults, hospitalization in a double or multi-occupancy room was independently associated with NI (adjusted Odds Ratio, 3.42; 95% CI, 1.29–9.08; p = 0.013). The results of the study underline the importance of single room to prevent NI. Keywords Influenza . Seasonal outbreak . Nosocomial . Risk factors
Introduction Influenza is increasingly recognized as an important public health threat causing considerable morbidity and mortality each year [1]. Hospitals experience an influenza outbreak each year [2–5]. Nosocomial influenza is associated with increased length of hospital stay, severe complications, and death [6]. Percentage of nosocomial infections could range from 4.4 to 35.5% [4, 5, 7–9]. The extent of transmission in hospital
* Caroline Landelle [email protected] 1
Internal Medicine Department, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
2
Virology Laboratory, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
3
Infectious diseases unit, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
4
Infection control unit, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
5
TIMC-IMAG, CNRS, Grenoble INP, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
6
Laboratoire de Virologie et Centre National de Référence virus influenzae, Laboratoire Virpath EA4610, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
7
Service d’hygiène Hospitalière, Pavillon E, CHU Grenoble Alpes, CS 10217, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
settings is poorly understood. In particular, risk factors of nosocomial influenza are rarely described [7–12]. The objectives of this study were to describe the influenza outbreak in Grenoble Alpes University Hospital during the 2015/2016 influenza season and to evaluate risk factors of nosocomial influenza.
Materials and methods We conducted a prospective observational study in a 2200 bed French university hospital during influenza season from 1 October 2015 to 1 May 2016. All hospitalized patients with influenza-like illness (ILI) and a laboratory-confirmed influenza by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were included. Patients with ILI and a positive rapid influenza diagnostic test (RI
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