Design and optimization of a hybrid process based on hollow-fiber membrane/coagulation for wastewater treatment
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Design and optimization of a hybrid process based on hollow-fiber membrane/coagulation for wastewater treatment Sajjad Alibeigi-Beni 1 & Masoud Habibi Zare 2 & Mahdi Pourafshari Chenar 1 & Morteza Sadeghi 2 & Saeed Shirazian 3,4,5 Received: 29 May 2020 / Accepted: 28 September 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Treatment of textile wastewater using ultrafiltration membranes was carried out in this study. Since membrane fouling is a major operational problem that decreases the membrane separation efficiency, wastewater was treated with polyaluminum chloride (PACl) and alum (aluminum sulfate) as coagulant to decrease the fouling of ultrafiltration membranes. PACl was selected as the best coagulant in the experiments. Also, chitosan was used as coagulant aid upon developing the hybrid process. The obtained optimum dosage of PACl coagulant was 100 mg/L, and maximum turbidity and COD removal of 35% and 66% were attained, respectively. The pretreated wastewater by coagulation was sent to ultrafiltration process for further removal of turbidity and COD. Three ultrafiltration hollow-fiber membranes made of polypropylene (PP), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and polyethersulfone (PES) were applied in this study. In general, the filtration results were evaluated for two types of samples treated under coagulation and without treatment; the results were unfavorable for the second type. The effects of transmembrane pressure (TMP) and cross velocity on membranes performance were also investigated for process optimization. The obtained results showed that PVDF membrane had the highest flux and turbidity removal, whereas the PES membrane had the highest COD removal. Also, the results revealed that turbidity and COD removal by all membranes were decreased by increasing TMP and cross velocity. Keywords Membranes . Wastewater treatment . Hybrid process . Hollow fiber . Ultrafiltration
Introduction Today, industries are the biggest water consumers that generate substantial volume of wastewater. Because of fresh water leakage and environmental protections, wastewater treatment Responsible Editor: Weiming Zhang * Saeed Shirazian [email protected] 1
Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, P.O. Box 91775-1111, Mashhad, Iran
2
Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
3
Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam
4
The Faculty of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam
5
Laboratory of Computational Modeling of Drugs, South Ural State University, 76 Lenin prospekt, Chelyabinsk 454080, Russia
is a necessary processing step in order to reuse water for different purposes (Harrelkas et al. 2009; Barredo-Damas et al. 2010). The textile industry includes a number of processing steps such as sizing, de-sizing, scouring, bleaching, mercerization, dyeing, printing, and finishing, which g
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