Design and performance evaluation of V2X communication protocol based on Nakagami-m outage probability
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Design and performance evaluation of V2X communication protocol based on Nakagami‑m outage probability Tong Wang1 · Jianfeng Zhang2 · Yao Zhang1 · Yue Cao3 · Liyue Fu1 · Azhar Hussain1 · Gaojie Chen4 Received: 8 April 2020 / Accepted: 3 November 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In automotive field, the term Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is a sub-application of Internet of Things (IoT).The communication scenario of IoV usually changes in the space-time dimension. Unfortunately, vehicles can not select the optimal routing policy when facing the dynamic environment. Thus, in this paper, we present a V2X Communication protocol based on Nakagami-m Outage Probability (VCNOP) to improve Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) and Average-End-to-End-Delay (AE2ED). We consider Road-Side-Units (RSU)-assisted communication system to help find the best routing path, and the outage probability to measure the impact of the physical layer on routing protocol. Meanwhile, the dynamic broadcasting mechanism considering the various vehicle velocity and density are applied to increase the accuracy of routing decisions. We utilize vehicle flow model combining realistic Harbin map by SUMO to provision a realistic scenario. Following this, simulation results in NS3 show the advantage of VCNOP compared with other protocols in terms of PDR and AE2ED. Keywords IoV · IoT · Nakagami-m Outage Probability · Dynamic broadcasting mechanism · Dynamic broadcasting mechanism
1 Introduction * Yue Cao [email protected] Tong Wang [email protected] Jianfeng Zhang [email protected] Yao Zhang [email protected] Liyue Fu [email protected] Azhar Hussain [email protected] Gaojie Chen [email protected] 1
Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China
2
ShangHai Electro-Mechanical Engineering Institute, Shanghai, China
3
School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
4
Department of Engineering, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
Nowadays, there is a new trend that the technology evolves from Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANETs) (Wang et al. 2019a, b) to Internet of Vehicles (IoV) (Ghiasi et al. 2019; Zhou and Fu 2019). With the rapid development of computation and communication technologies, IoV promises huge commercial interests and research values both in academic and industrial domains. In IoV (Zhang et al. 2019; Goudarzi et al. 2019), the performance of routing protocols plays a key role in data transmission. Traditional routing protocols vary in their mechanism of operation and response mechanism, leading to differences in Packet Delivery Rate (PDR) and Average-End-to-End-Delay (AE2ED). There are many parameters that affect routing performance in VANETs, including network density, power consumption, additional processing delay, vehicle velocity etc. The dynamic network topology due to the uncertain vehicular movement, results in intermittent information exchange between vehicles. For this reason, information can not be reached from so
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