Design by Evolution Advances in Evolutionary Design
Evolution is Nature’s design process. The natural world is full of wonderful examples of its successes, from engineering design feats such as powered flight, to the design of complex optical systems such as the mammalian eye, to the merely stunningly beau
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Advisory Board: S. Amari G. Brassard K.A. De Jong C.C.A.M. Gielen T. Head L. Kari L. Landweber T. Martinetz Z. Michalewicz M.C. Mozer E. Oja G. P˘aun J. Reif H. Rubin A. Salomaa M. Schoenauer H.-P. Schwefel C. Torras D. Whitley E. Winfree E.J.M. Zurada
Philip F. Hingston · Luigi C. Barone · Zbigniew Michalewicz (Eds.)
Design by Evolution Advances in Evolutionary Design
Foreword by David B. Fogel
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Philip F. Hingston School of Computer and Information Sciences Edith Cowan University 2 Bradford St Mt. Lawley, WA 6020, Australia [email protected]
Zbigniew Michalewicz School of Computer Science University of Adelaide Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia [email protected]
Luigi C. Barone School of Computer Science and Software Engineering The University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway Crawley, WA 6009, Australia [email protected]
ISBN: 978-3-540-74109-1
e-ISBN: 978-3-540-74111-4
Library of Congress Control Number: 2008932894 ACM Computing Classification (1998): I.2, F.1, J.2, J.3, J.5 c 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover design: KuenkelLopka GmbH Printed on acid-free paper 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 springer.com
Foreword
When we think of design, it is usually in the context of solving some sort of problem, such as the design of a bridge, a city, or a song. To be effective, the design must address a purpose to be achieved. In the case of a bridge or a city, the parameters of interest can be quantified. In the case of a bridge, they might include facets such as structural integrity, maximum carrying capacity, and cost, or in the case of a city, traffic flow, resource utilization, safety, and also again cost. In the case of a song, things are not as clear. The time-honored saying of beauty residing in the eye (or in this case, the ear) of the beholder remains true. Yet, a person can at least offer guidance about whether or not a song is to his or her liking, or perhaps more enjoyable than some other song. Thus, effective design requires some feedback mechanism to the designer. As has been argued many times for more than 150 years, evolution, a design process that is ancient to the extreme, serves as a designer – the blind watchmaker – by using the process of
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