Design of passive power filters for battery energy storage system in grid connected and islanded modes
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Design of passive power filters for battery energy storage system in grid connected and islanded modes Nidhal Mdini1 · Sondes Skander‑Mustapha1,2 · Ilhem Slama‑Belkhodja1 Received: 20 October 2019 / Accepted: 13 April 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract This study presents an improved method to design passive power filters for a battery energy storage system operating in grid connected and islanded modes. The studied system includes appropriate controls according to the selected mode. The global system is composed of two power converters a DC–DC converter and a three phase four wires DC–AC converter. The passive power filters to be designed are the battery inductance, the neutral filter and the LCL filter. Conventionally filter design methods are performed considering only one operating mode parameters. This paper proposes an analysis of the design approaches reported in the literature for each mode separately and then provides a step by step design procedure taking into account constraints of each operation mode. The design is performed based on steady state equations for each mode. An overall system simulation with PSIM software has been developed. Simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the investigated filter design. Keywords Battery energy storage system · Filter sizing · Three-phase four-wire DC–AC converter · LCL filter · Resonant frequency
1 Introduction Nowadays, existing power grid is facing power quality and system stability challenges due to high penetration of grid-connected photovoltaic systems. In this context, to cope with solar energy intermittent nature and time-varying load demand, energy storage systems are regarded as effective solutions for their space–time energy translation. Various energy storage systems are investigated, however, up to now; battery energy storage systems (BESS) are preferred for their price advantages, especially for residential applications. Operation mode of BESS depends on application that can be in islanded mode for powering loads with electric energy and stable frequency and voltage control. [1], or in grid connected mode for battery charging and frequency
and voltage support [2], especially in low voltage networks, with high penetration of solar rooftops. The ability of BESS to ensure multiple applications as grid forming and grid supporting unit can be realized simultaneously with suitable control design as described in [3], with a smooth operation transition from one mode to the other [4]. In residential applications, BESS can be three-phase four-wire (3P4W) to feed single or three phase loads and solar inverter with symmetrical voltages. Among the different circuit topologies reported in the literature to generate a neutral point, the one with an additional neutral leg and actively balanced split DC link is preferred for its better DC link capacitor lifetime [5, 6]. It is commonly used in uninterruptible power supplies [7].
* Nidhal Mdini, [email protected]; Sondes Skander‑Mustapha, [email protected]; Ilhem Slama‑
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