Desulfurization of gas condensate under visible light using synthesized photocatalysts of Mn/TiO 2 /MWCNTs and Ni/TiO 2
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Desulfurization of gas condensate under visible light using synthesized photocatalysts of Mn/TiO2/MWCNTs and Ni/TiO2/MWCNTs Ilnaz Raeisi1 · Pirouz Derakhshi1 · Parviz Aberoomsand Azar2 · Mohammad Saber Tehrani2 Received: 7 July 2020 / Accepted: 3 September 2020 © Islamic Azad University 2020
Abstract In this study, Manganese (Mn) and Nickel (Ni) doped on titanium dioxide ( TiO2) were loaded on Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs). These catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray energy dispersive spectrometer/Mapping (EDS/Map), Brunauer, Emmett, Teller (BET)/Barrett, Joyner, Halenda (BJH) and Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (DRS) methods. A batch reactor was designed and photoactivity of these materials prepared under visible light irradiation was tested using dibenzothiophene (DBT). The Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on Box–Behnken Design (BBD) was used to evaluate parameters including catalyst mass (g), time (h) and dopant percentage (wt%). The best point for maximum degradation efficiency was obtained under optimum conditions for Mn/TiO2/MWCNTs and Ni/TiO2/MWCNTs catalyst masses of 0.25 and 0.22 (g), time of 5.30 and 4.56 (h), and dopant percentage of 4.22 and 7.82 (wt%) with an efficiency of 92.82 and 98.26%, respectively. Under optimal conditions for the degradation of DBT sulfur, was investigated desulfurization of gas condensate. The highest desulfurization efficiency was obtained by Ni/TiO2/
* Pirouz Derakhshi p_derakhshi@iau‑tnb.ac.ir Ilnaz Raeisi [email protected] Parviz Aberoomsand Azar [email protected] Mohammad Saber Tehrani [email protected] 1
Faculty of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University Tehran North Branch, Hakimieh, Tehran, Iran
Science and Research Branch, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Vol.:(0123456789)
Journal of Nanostructure in Chemistry
MWCNTs catalyst at 89.11%. The results of kinetic studies show that the Blanchard model has the best agreement with the experimental data. Graphic abstract
Keywords Mn/TiO2/MWCNTs · Ni/TiO2/MWCNTs · Desulfurization · DBT · Visible light · RSM
Introduction Oil pollution is an undesirable phenomenon with serious and devastating effects on human health and the environment [1–3]. Since sulfur compounds in petroleum cuts are one of the most important petroleum pollutants, removal of these compounds from these petroleum cuts is crucial for the production of SOx gases during combustion and subsequently air pollution, acid rain production, and metal corrosion [4–6]. Gas condensate is one of the most important sources of gasoline in terms of its hydrocarbons. These gas condensates are of high value and are used as feedstock for refineries to produce gasoline, kerosene, and diesel fuel [7, 8]. Generally, existing industrial and
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laboratory processes for sulfur desulfurization are divided into two
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