Detection and evaluation of Keratoconus (corneal topography) by using the image classifier techniques
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METHODOLOGIES AND APPLICATION
Detection and evaluation of Keratoconus (corneal topography) by using the image classifier techniques R. Kanimozhi1 • R. Gayathri1
Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In recent years, more patients were detected with corneal abnormalities. It is critical to perform diagnosis of clinical or subclinical Keratoconus accurately. The main diagnostic tool for Keratoconus is corneal topography; leading to more Laser refractive surgeries. In this paper, we recommend a novel approach which can detect Keratoconus more efficiently. The parameters derived for feature extraction are corneal volume, corneal thickness, thinnest corneal thickness, corneal area, corneal perimeter. Hybrid feed forward network along with Naive Bayes classifier is used for classification. This proposed method detects and classifies Keratoconus and the performance metrics are also evaluated using MATLAB-based simulations and finally the performance of proposed method is compared with some existing techniques. Keywords Corneal topography Keratoconus Laser refractive surgery Naive Bayes classifier
1 Background Due to decrease in protective antioxidants which is present in the cornea, Keratoconus occurs. It is a kind of eye disease which is progressive and it also results in thinning of cornea. Cornea is nothing but clear front surface of the eye. Keratoconus could also deform the cornea to conical in shape. Exhaust and other by-products produced from car damages the cornea cells. In general antioxidants destroy these exhausts and it protects the collagen fibers. On the other hand, if antioxidant level reduces, the collagen becomes weak which results in bulging of cornea. This problem could be detected using machine learning techniques. The new biometric parameter for diagnose and following keratoconus development in human eye, keratoconus index (KI) is used. Keratoconus (KC) is an isolated state where no evident ophthalmic or complete associations occur during
Communicated by V. Loia. & R. Kanimozhi [email protected] R. Gayathri [email protected] 1
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
diagnosis time. Yet, high levels of corneal pro-inflammatory cytokines like interleukin (IL)-1 is connected to corneal reduction. It also relates to immune system’s involvement during KC’s pathogenesis. Only a few cases of autoimmune diseases such as Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), asthma, inflammatory bowel diseases are connected to KC, whereas others are not directly related which are like Crohn’s disease, multiple sclerosis, myasthenia gravis and systemic lupus. Primary role of topography is screening the keratoconus suspects in early phase. During Slit lamp examination, early stage of keratoconus and its suspects look common. Also with the central keratometry (3 mm), it shows only very limited assessment. Due to these reasons, to screen keratoconus suspects, topograp
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