Deterioration of bone microstructure by aging and menopause in Japanese healthy women: analysis by HR-pQCT
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Deterioration of bone microstructure by aging and menopause in Japanese healthy women: analysis by HR‑pQCT Kazuaki Yokota1 · Ko Chiba1 · Narihiro Okazaki1 · Choko Kondo1 · Mitsuru Doi1 · Shuta Yamada1 · Makoto Era1 · Yuichiro Nishino1 · Akihiko Yonekura1 · Masato Tomita1 · Makoto Osaki1 Received: 11 January 2020 / Accepted: 14 May 2020 © The Japanese Society Bone and Mineral Research and Springer Japan KK, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Introduction Second-generation high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) has provide higher quality of bone images with a voxel size of 61 µm, enabling direct measurements of trabecular thickness. In addition to the standard parameters, the non-metric trabecular parameters such as trabecular morphology (plate to rod-like structures), connectivity, and anisotropy can also be analyzed. The purpose of this study is to investigate deterioration of bone microstructure in healthy Japanese women by measuring standard and non-metric parameters using HR-pQCT. Materials and methods Study participants were 61 healthy Japanese women (31–70 years). The distal radius and tibia were scanned using second-generation HR-pQCT, and microstructures of trabecular and cortical bone were measured. Non-metric trabecular parameters included structure model index (SMI), trabecular bone pattern factor (TBPf), connectivity density (Conn.D), number of nodes (N.Nd/TV), degree of anisotropy (DA), and star volume of marrow space (V*ms). Estimated bone strength was evaluated by micro finite element analysis. Associations between bone microstructure, estimated bone strength, age, and menopause were analyzed. Results Trabecular number declined with age, and trabecular separation increased. SMI and TBPf increased, Conn.D and N.Nd/TV declined, and V*ms increased. Cortical BMD and thickness declined with age, and porosity increased. Stiffness and failure load decreased with age. Cortical thickness and estimated bone strength were affected by menopause. Cortical thickness was most associated with estimated bone strength. Conclusions Trabecular and cortical bone microstructure were deteriorated markedly with age. Cortical thickness decreased after menopause and was most related to bone strength. Non-metric parameters give additional information about osteoporotic changes of trabecular bone. Keywords High resolution peripheral quantitative CT (HR-pQCT) · Bone microstructure · Estimated bone strength · Nonmetric trabecular parameter · Japanese women
Introduction Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is widely used in the risk assessment of fragility fracture and diagnosis of osteoporosis. However, DXA evaluates bone in two Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00774-020-01115-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Ko Chiba [email protected] 1
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1‑7‑1 Sakamoto, Na
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