Determinants of emotional exhaustion among nursing workforce in urban Ghana: a cross-sectional study
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
Determinants of emotional exhaustion among nursing workforce in urban Ghana: a cross-sectional study Collins Atta Poku1* , Ernestina Donkor2 and Florence Naab3
Abstract Background: The subject of emotional exhaustion organisations has become important because of the emerging trends in employment and its associated challenges. Unhealthy practice environment is a major threat in the incidence of emotional exhaustion among nurses; and any organisational culture that do not support its personnel has huge burnout costs. The study aimed at assessing rate of emotional exhaustion; determining factors that accounts for it and also ascertaining the coping strategies used by nurses to overcome it in the Ghanaian health care setting. Methods: A cross-sectional study with a proportionate stratified sampling was used to draw a sample from five health facilities. A standardized questionnaire of Professional Practice Environment Scale of Nursing Work Index, Maslach Burnout Inventory and Coping Scale were used to assess variables under study. The STROBE guidelines were followed in reporting this study. Results: Out of the 232 registered nurses studied, 91.1% of them reported experiencing moderate to high rate of emotional exhaustion. The practice environment of the nurses explained 39.6% of the variance in emotional exhaustion. Emotion-focused and problem-focused approaches were identified to be used by registered nurses to cope with emotional exhaustion. Conclusion: When appropriate and effective intervention are employed, emotional exhaustion will be reduce and this will enrich the effectiveness of quality care delivery to patients. Keywords: Determinants, Emotional exhaustion, Nursing workforce, Urban Ghana
Background The subject of burnout in a form of emotional exhaustion has become imperative in health organizations because of the emerging trends in employment and its related problems. It is been ascertained that unhealthy practice environment such as increased workloads, absurd nursepatient ratios, and scarce human and material resources is a major threat in the well-being of professionals especially * Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Department of Nursing, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
in the incidence of emotional exhaustion among nursing workforce [1–4]; and any organisational culture that does not support its personnel has burnout costs [4]. Emotional exhaustion, which is one of the pillars of ‘Burnout Syndrome’ is defined as syndrome characterized by losing enthusiasm for work [5–8] and it is conceptualised as a response to a discrepancy between job-related strains and resources that is presented through feelings of emotional fatigue [9]. Emotional exhaustion also presents as a chronic manifestation of somatic and emotional depletion that results from extreme workload and/or personal strains and incessant tension from job [10]. It is
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