Determining Effective Methods of Obtaining Virus-Free Potato for Cultivation in Kazakhstan
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Determining Effective Methods of Obtaining Virus-Free Potato for Cultivation in Kazakhstan Dias Daurov 1 & Ainash Daurova 1 & Aibek Karimov 1 & Dana Tolegenova 1 & Dmitriy Volkov 1 & Daniyar Raimbek 1 & Kabyl Zhambakin 1 & Malika Shamekova 1
# The Potato Association of America 2020
Abstract Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is the fourth most common food crop worldwide and one of the main food products in Kazakhstan. One of the factors leading to crop loss in potato is viral disease. There are more than 30 viruses known to cause diseases in potato. Therefore, using virus-free planting material is an important aspect of growing potato. It is relatively difficult to eliminate viruses from plants, despite the application of isolated apical meristems. In this study, we used the most effective methods to eliminate viral infections, such as electrotherapy, chemotherapy (40 and 50 mg/l), cryotherapy, and thermotherapy. Complete elimination of certain viral infections, such as PVM, PVS, PVX, and PVY, was achieved after chemotherapy with 40 mg/l of ribavirin. A multiplex RT-PCR method was used for efficient monitoring of viral infections, which is more precise than the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA). The obtained virus-free planting material will subsequently be used for industrial virus-free potato seed production in Kazakhstan. Resumen La papa (Solanum tuberosum L.) es el cuarto cultivo alimenticio mas común en el mundo y uno de los principales productos alimenticios en Kazakhstan. Uno de los factores que conducen a la pérdida del cultivo en papa es la enfermedad viral. Hay mas de 30 virus conocidos que causan enfermedad en papa. De aquí que, usando material de siembra libre de virus es un aspecto importante del cultivo de la papa. Es relativamente difícil eliminar virus de plantas, a pesar de la aplicación del aislamiento de meristemos apicales. En este estudio, usamos los métodos mas efectivos para eliminar las infecciones virales, tales como electroterapia, quimioterapia (40 y 50 mg/l), crioterapia y termoterapia. La eliminación completa de ciertas infecciones virales, tales como PVM, PVS, PVX y PVY, se logró después de quimioterapia con 40 mg/l de ribavirin. Se usó un método múltiple de RT-PCR para un monitoreo eficiente de infecciones virales, que es mas preciso que el inmuno-ensayo de enzimas conjugadas (DAS-ELISA). El material de siembra obtenido será subsecuentemente usado para producción industrial de semilla de papa libre de virus en Kazakhstan. Keywords Potato . PVM . PVS . PVX . PVY . ELISA . Multiplex RT-PCR
Introduction Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is the fourth most common crop worldwide after rice, wheat, and corn (Muthoni et al. 2013; Reddy et al. 2018). Potato cultivation is one of the key branches of crop production that defines food safety in * Dias Daurov [email protected] 1
Department of Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, 45 Timiryazev str, Almaty, Kazakhstan 050040
Kazakhstan. According to official data, Kazakhstan produces up to 20% elite
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