Developing brief versions of the Moral Foundations Vignettes using a genetic algorithm-based approach
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Developing brief versions of the Moral Foundations Vignettes using a genetic algorithm-based approach Damien L. Crone 1 & Joshua J. Rhee 2 & Simon M. Laham 3 Accepted: 19 September 2020 # The Psychonomic Society, Inc. 2020
Abstract The time-efficient assessment of moral values using systematically validated measures is a high priority in moral psychology research. However, few such options exist for researchers working with Moral Foundations Theory, one of the most popular theories in moral psychology. Across two samples totaling 1336 participants (756 Australian undergraduates and 580 American Mechanical Turk workers), we used a genetic algorithm-based (GA) approach to construct and validate abbreviated versions of the Moral Foundations Vignettes (MFV), a 90-item scale comprising vignettes of concrete violations of each of the six moral foundations. We constructed 36- and 18-item versions of the MFV, demonstrating close correspondence with the complete MFV, and adequate reliability, predictive validity, and factor-analytic goodness of fit for both abbreviated versions. Overall, the abbreviated scales achieve substantially reduced length with minimal loss of information, providing a useful resource for moral psychology researchers. Keywords Moral psychology . Moral judgment . Scale abbreviation . Scale validation
Introduction In recent decades, moral psychology has taken to describing individual variation in people’s moral concerns. Most prominent among these descriptions is Moral Foundations Theory (MFT; Graham et al., 2013; Haidt & Joseph, 2004), according to which differences in moral judgments can be explained by differential endorsement of five (or six) foundational moral values: Care, Fairness, Ingroup loyalty, respect for Authority, Purity, and Liberty. This constellation of moral values has been used to describe moral judgments of Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-020-01489-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Damien L. Crone [email protected] 1
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
2
University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
3
University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
phenomena ranging from real-life political issues (Koleva et al., 2012) to responses to sacrificial moral dilemmas (Crone & Laham, 2015), and much else besides. To date, three systematically validated questionnaire measures have been developed to measure endorsement of these different moral values. Most prominent among these are the Moral Foundations Questionnaire (MFQ; Graham et al., 2011) and Moral Foundations Sacredness Scale (Graham & Haidt, 2012). Recently, an independent group of researchers developed the Moral Foundations Vignettes (MFV; Clifford, Iyengar, Cabeza, & Sinnott-Armstrong, 2015), comprising 90 standardized, concrete moral transgressions, covering all six foundations (unlike the MFQ and MFSS, which cover the original five),1 assessing the extent to which respondents disapprove of violatio
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