Developing the coyote optimization algorithm for extracting parameters of proton-exchange membrane fuel cell models
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Developing the coyote optimization algorithm for extracting parameters of proton-exchange membrane fuel cell models Hamdy M. Sultan1,2 · Ahmed S. Menesy1,3 · Salah Kamel4 · Francisco Jurado5 Received: 10 January 2020 / Accepted: 30 August 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Developing a precise semiempirical mathematical model based on multi-nonlinear equations for the proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), which guarantees suitable and accurate simulation of the electrical characteristics of typical PEMFC stacks under various operating scenarios, is the main target of this study. The unknown parameters of the PEMFC model are extracted using a novel efficient optimization technique called coyote optimization algorithm (COA). To validate the effectiveness of the proposed COA-based PEMFC model, two different cases of seven and ten unknown parameters are performed on a commercial PEMFC taken from literature. The sum of squared errors (SSE) between the experimentally measured data and the corresponding computed ones is considered as the objective function. Besides, the effectiveness of the developed algorithm is validated under different operating conditions. Moreover, the results obtained by the application of the proposed COA have been compared with other recent optimization methods reported in the literature, and very competitive results have been provided. Furthermore, parametric and nonparametric statistical analyses are presented to evaluate the accuracy and viability of the developed COA-based PEMFC model. Keywords Proton-exchange membrane fuel cell · Parameters estimation · Coyote optimization algorithm · Sum of squared errors (SSE)
1 Introduction
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Francisco Jurado [email protected] Hamdy M. Sultan [email protected] Ahmed S. Menesy [email protected] Salah Kamel [email protected]
1
Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, Minia 61111, Egypt
2
Electrical Power Systems Department, Moscow Power Engineering Institute “MPEI”, Moscow 111250, Russia
3
State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment and System Security and New Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
4
Department of Electrical Engineering, Aswan University, 81542 Aswan, Egypt
5
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Jaén, 23700 EPS Linares, Jaén, Spain
The increase in air pollution, as well as the depletion of conventional fossil fuel sources, forced the researchers and decision-makers for investigating alternative sources of energy. Fuel cell technology is considered one of the most promising solutions for the problem of air pollution thanks to its effective structure and capability for increasing power ratings. Fuel cell technology is still not competitive to other renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic and wind turbines, because of its high cost, from which the cost of catalysts forms the largest share [1–6]. The efficiency of the electric conversion of fuel cells ranges from 40 to 60%. A typi
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