Development and validation of a stock addiction inventory (SAI)
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Annals of General Psychiatry Open Access
PRIMARY RESEARCH
Development and validation of a stock addiction inventory (SAI) HyunChul Youn1, Jung‑Seok Choi2, Dai‑Jin Kim3 and Sam‑Wook Choi4,5*
Abstract Background: Investing in financial markets is promoted and protected by the government as an essential economic activity, but can turn into a gambling addiction problem. Until now, few scales have widely been used to identify gambling addicts in financial markets. This study aimed to develop a self-rating scale to distinguish them. In addition, the reliability and validity of the stock addiction inventory (SAI) were demonstrated. Methods: A set of questionnaires, including the SAI, south oaks gambling screen (SOGS), and DSM-5 diagnostic criteria, for gambling disorder was completed by 1005 participants. Factor analysis, internal consistency testing, t tests, analysis of variance, and partial correlation analysis were conducted to verify the reliability and validity of SAI. Results: The factor analysis results showed the final SAI consisting of two factors and nine items. The internal consist‑ ency and concurrent validity of SAI were verified. The Cronbach’s α for the total scale was 0.892, and the SAI and its factors were significantly correlated with SOGS. Conclusions: This study developed a specific scale for financial market investments or trading; this scale proved to be reliable and valid. Our scale expands the understanding of gambling addiction in financial markets and provides a diagnostic reference. Keywords: Stock addiction inventory, Financial markets, Stock investments, Trading, Gambling addiction, Behavioral addiction Background Gambling addiction is characterized by recurrent and progressive maladaptive patterns of gambling behaviors, followed by a significant impairment in financial and psychosocial areas [1]. It was previously classified as one of the impulse control disorders, but since the publication of the fifth edition of the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5), it has been included in the substance-related and addictive disorders [2–4]. This diagnostic change means that the gambling addiction now fulfills the diagnostic criteria for addiction, such as tolerance and craving [5]. In general, the prevalence of the gambling addiction is known as 1–2 % of the global population [5]. In South Korea, the National Gaming Control Commission *Correspondence: [email protected] 4 Korea Institute on Behavioral Addictions, True Mind Clinic, F7, KR Tower, 1 141, Teheran‑ro, Gangnam‑gu, Seoul 06132, South Korea Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
and the Korea Center on Gambling Problems reported the prevalence of gambling addiction using the problem gambling severity index (PGSI) [6, 7]. According to the 2014 reports on the general population, 3.9 % of the respondents belonged to the moderate risk group and 1.5 % were problem gamblers. These institutions mainly focused on playing casinos or lotteries, betting on sports or online, and bettin
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