Development of blast-resistant rice varieties based on application of DNA technologies
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Development of blast-resistant rice varieties based on application of DNA technologies Elena V. Dubina . Pavel I. Kostylev
. Sergey V. Garkusha . Margarita G. Ruban
Received: 23 June 2020 / Accepted: 19 September 2020 Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Diseases of crops are the main reason for the decrease in yield and product quality. Blast is the most dangerous disease in all areas of world rice cultivation. The most effective, economically viable, and environmentally friendly strategy to combat it is the development of resistant varieties. The use of molecular genetic markers (DNA markers) linked to the loci of blast resistance is relevant in this direction. The objective of the study was to introgress and pyramid genes effective in the south of Russia for race-specific resistance to blast Pi ta, Pi-b, Pi-1, Pi-2, Pi-33, Pi-40 into the genotypes of highly productive rice varieties of domestic breeding to obtain new forms resistant to P. oryzae. To achieve this, varieties Flagman and Boyarin were hybridized with the donors of resistance to blast IR-36, Bl-1, C101-Lac, C101LacA-51, IR 83260-2-10-5-2-1-B, which have the genes Pi-ta, Qi-b, Pi-1 ? Pi-33, Pi-2, Pi-40, respectively, with a growing season of more than 150 days. Three backcrosses were carried out and the breeding material was obtained. Several samples with high rates of
E. V. Dubina S. V. Garkusha M. G. Ruban Laboratory of Information, Digital and Biotechnology, Federal Scientific Rice Centre, 3 Belozerny Lane, Krasnodar, Russian Federation 350921 P. I. Kostylev (&) Rice Breeding and Seed Laboratory, Agrarian Scientific Center ‘‘Donskoy’’, 3 Nauchnyj Gorodok, Zernograd, Russian Federation 347740 e-mail: [email protected]
milled rice quality and blast resistance, productivity, and other economically valuable traits were identified. The program for combining the genes of resistance to blast was performed. The hybridization of the obtained genotypes with the integrated Pi genes between themselves in their various combinations was carried out. The result was a breeding variety with three resistance genes (Pi-1; Pi-2; Pi-33). The cultivation of such varieties in production will reduce the use of chemical protective equipment and avoid pollution of grain ecosystems. Keywords Polymerase chain reaction Pi-ta Pi-b Pi-1 Pi-2 Pi-33 Pi-40 Breeding Molecular markers
Introduction In-plant breeding based on classical methods—hybridization and selection, molecular marking methods are now widely used that allow identifying target genes and selecting the desired genotypes based on the analysis of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) (Deepti et al. 2017; Suprun et al. 2016; Kostylev et al. 2018). In world practice, such a direction as marker-assisted selection (MAS) has arisen. Therewith, moleculargenetic support of the breeding process is carried out, starting with the selection of source material,
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identifying the presence of desired genes, and ending with the certification
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