Developments of International Trade Theory

Developments of International Trade Theory offers the life-long reflections of a distinguished Japanese scholar who pioneered the application of general equilibrium theory to international trade. Written in a style that makes it easily accessible to schol

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Research Monographs in Japan-U.S. Business & Economics

series editors Ryuzo Sato Rama V. Ramachandran Stern School of Business New York University Kazuo Mino Kobe University Japan

Other books published in the series: Sato and Ramachandran Conservation Laws and Symmetry: Applications to Economics and Finance Sato, Ramachandran, and Hori Organization, Performance, and Equity: Perspectives on the Japanese Economy Sato, Grivoyannis, Byrne, and Lian Health Care Systems in Japan and the United States: A Simulation Study and Policy Analysis Sato and Ramachandran Symmetry and Economic Invariance: An Introduction Sato, Ramachandran and Mino Global Competition and Integration Negishi, Ramachandran and Mino Economic Theory, Dynamics and Markets: Essays in Honor of Ryuzo Sato

DEVELOPMENTS OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE THEORY

by

Takashi Negishi Aoyama Gakuin University Japan

" ~.

SPRINGER SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, LLC

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Negishi, Takashi, 1933Developments of international trade theory / by Takashi Negishi. p. cm.-{Research monographs in Japan-U.S. business & economics) Includes bibliographical references and indexes. ISBN 978-1-4419-4902-8 ISBN 978-1-4757-4959-5 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4757-4959-5

1. International trade-Econometric models 2. Economic developmentEconometric models. I. Title. II. Series. HF1379 .N44 2001 382'.01-dc21 2001033884

Copyright © 2001 by Springer Science+Business Media New York Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 2001

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.

Printed on acid-free paper.

CONTENTS

Preface

vii

Part I 1

Mercantilism

3

2

Specie-flow Mechanism

13

3 Adam Smith and Division of Labor

23

4

Ricardo and Comparative Costs Appendix to Chapter 4 Kojima on Ricardo 5 J. S. Mill and Reciprocal Demand Appendix to Chapter 5 Mill and Thornton

33 45 53

63

6

Mill and Infant Industry

73

7 Marx and International Exploitation

83

vi

DEVELOPMENTS OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE THEORY

8 Marshall and Offer Curve

95

Part II 9

Theory of Production

107

10 Heckscher-Ohlin Theory (1)

117

11 Heckscher-Ohlin Theory (2)

127

12 Leontief Paradox

137

13 Domestic Distortions

147

14 Export and Welfare

157

15 Oligopoly Appendix to Chapter 15 Tariffs versus Quotas

167 175

16 Immiserizing Growth Appendix to Chapter 16 Second Best Problems

185 195

17 External Economies Appendix to Chapter 17 Internal Economies

205 215

Authors Index

223

Subject Index

225

PREFACE

This book is based on my lectures on international trade in 1993-2000 at the School of International Politics, Economics and Business, Aoyama Gakuin University, Tokyo. According to the late Professor M. Bronfenbrenner, who did the same lectures in 1982-1990, this school was established in 1982 based on the late Chancello