Diabetes in Clinical Practice
Diabetes in Clinical Practice is a practical handbook on the diagnosis, treatment and management of type 2 diabetes. It covers all areas of the treatment and management of type 2 diabetes, from patient education on issues such as healthy eating and exerci
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Vivian A. Fonseca Merri Pendergrass Roberta Harrison McDuffie
Diabetes in Clinical Practice
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Vivian A. Fonseca Tulane University Medical Center New Orleans Louisiana USA
Merri Pendergrass Harvard Medical School And Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension Brigham and Women’s Hospital Boston Massachusetts USA
Roberta Harrison McDuffie Tulane University Health Science Center Diabetes Program New Orleans Louisiana USA ISBN 978-1-84882-102-6 e-ISBN 978-1-84882-103-3 Springer London Dordrecht Heideberg New York DOI 10.1007/978-1-84882-103-3 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Control Number: 2009935337 © Springer-Verlag London Limited 2010 Previously published in 2006 by Current Medicine Group Ltd. as Handbook of Diabetes (ISBN 978-1-85873-414-9) Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this publication may only be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside those terms should be sent to the publishers. The use of registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Product liability: The publisher can give no guarantee for information about drug dosage and application thereof contained in this book. In every individual case the respective user must check its accuracy by consulting other pharmaceutical literature. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Contents vii Author biographies CHAPTER 1 1 Type 2 diabetes: the modern epidemic 1 Diagnosing diabetes 4 Prediction and prevention of type 2 diabetes CHAPTER 2 9 Management of diabetes 9 Goals of treatment 11 Shared care – the multidisciplinary approach 12 Healthy eating and weight control 15 Exercise CHAPTER 3 19 Non-insulin agents in the management of type 2 diabetes 20 Treatment goals 20 Pathogenesis of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes 22 Non-insulin antihyperglycemic agents 26 Selection of initial antihyperglycemic agents 28 Combination therapy 28 Conclusions CHAPTER 4 31 Insulin in the management of type 2 diabetes 31 Indications 31 Insulin secretion in individuals without diabetes 32 Types of insulin 34 Adverse effects 35 General principles of insulin regimens 38 Conclusion
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CHAPTER 5 41 Complications of diabetes 41 Microvascular complications 42 Macrovascular complications 42 Role of insulin resistance in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis 43 Impact of tight metabolic control on complications 43 Treatment goals to prevent diabetes complications 44 Prevention and management of specific diabetes complica
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