Diagnostic Approach to a Patient with Suspected CNS Infection
This chapter outlines the fundamental principles of clinical reasoning in neurologic infectious diseases, and gives a practical diagnostic approach to various clinical syndromes of central nervous system infections.
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Rodrigo Hasbun Karen C. Bloch Adarsh Bhimraj Editors
Neurological Complications of Infectious Diseases
Current Clinical Neurology Series Editor Daniel Tarsy Beth Israel Deaconness Medical Center Department of Neurology BOSTON, MA USA
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/7630
Rodrigo Hasbun • Karen C. Bloch Adarsh Bhimraj Editors
Neurological Complications of Infectious Diseases
Editors Rodrigo Hasbun UT Health McGovern Medical School Houston, TX USA Adarsh Bhimraj Dept of Infectious Diseases, Apt 635 Cleveland Clinic Foundation Cleveland, OH USA
Karen C. Bloch Div of Infectious Dis, MCN A-2200 Vanderbilt University Nashville, TN USA
ISSN 1559-0585 ISSN 2524-4043 (electronic) Current Clinical Neurology ISBN 978-3-030-56083-6 ISBN 978-3-030-56084-3 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-56084-3 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Humana imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
Preface
Primary infections of the central nervous system (CNS) such as meningitis or encephalitis typically present with fever and obvious neurologic impairment, facilitating management. In contrast, when neurologic disease occurs secondary to a systemic infection or with an insidious presentation, diagnosis and treatment may be delayed, often with catastrophic results. The goal for this book is to highlight uncommon causes of neurologic dysfunction that may not be easily recognized. The first part reviews the general diagnostic approach for any patients presenting with suspected CNS infection. Molecular diagnostic testing has revolutionized the ability to rapidly identify CNS pathogens without an invasive procedure; however, understanding the strengths and lim
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