Diameter of Things (DoT): A Protocol for Real-Time Telemetry of IoT Applications
The Diameter of Things (DoT) protocol is intended to provide a near real-time metering framework for IoT applications in resource-constraint gateways. Respecting resource capacity constraints on edge devices establishes a firm requirement for a lightweigh
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Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria {qanbari,dustdar}@dsg.tuwien.ac.at, [email protected] http://dsg.tuwien.ac.at 2 Baha’i Institute for Higher Education (BIHE), Tehran, Iran {rabee.rahimzadeh,negar.behinaein}@bihe.org http://www.bihe.org
Abstract. The Diameter of Things (DoT) protocol is intended to provide a near real-time metering framework for IoT applications in resource-constraint gateways. Respecting resource capacity constraints on edge devices establishes a firm requirement for a lightweight protocol in support of fine-grained telemetry of IoT deployment units. Such metering capability is needed when lack of resources among competing applications dictates our schedule and credit allocation. In response to these findings, the authors offer the DoT protocol that can be incorporated to implement real-time metering of IoT services for prepaid subscribers as well as Pay-per-use economic models. The DoT employs mechanisms to handle the IoT composite application resource usage units consumed/charged against a single user balance. Such charging methods come in two models of time-based and event-based patterns. The former is used for scenarios where the charged units are continuously consumed while the latter is typically used when units are implicit invocation events. The DoT-enabled platform performs a chained metering transaction on a graph of dependent IoT microservices, collects the emitted usage data, then generates billable artifacts from the chain of metering tokens. Finally it permits micropayments to take place in parallel.
Keywords: Diameter protocol
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· Service metering · Internet of things
Introduction
Utility computing [1] is an evolving facet of ubiquitous computing that aims to converge with emerging Internet of Things (IoT) infrastructure and applications for sensor-equipped edge devices. The agility and flexibility to quickly provision IoT services on such gateways requires an awareness of how underlying resources as well as the IoT applications are being utilized as metered services. c Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016 J. Altmann et al. (Eds.): GECON 2015, LNCS 9512, pp. 207–222, 2016. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-43177-2 14
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Such awareness mechanisms enable IoT platforms to adjust the resource leveling to not exceed the elasticity constraints such that stringent QoS is achievable. The quest for telemetry of the client’s IoT application resource usage becomes more challenging when the job is deployed and processed in a constrained environment. Such applications collect data via sensors and control actuators for more utilization in home automation, industrial control systems, smart cities and other IoT deployments. In this context, telemetry enables a Pay-per-use or utility-based pricing model through metered data to achieve more financial transparency for resource-constrained applications. Metering measures rates of resource utilization via metrics, such as number of application invocations, data storage or memory usage consumed by th
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