Dielectric Nanowire Composites: One-Pot Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Encapsulated in Polyaniline Fibers
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Dielectric Nanowire Composites: One-Pot Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Encapsulated in Polyaniline Fibers Eliud K. Mushibe, Steven C. Murphy, Kate Raiti-Palazzolo, Danielle L Mccarthy, Emilly A. Obuya, Jasper Chiguma and Wayne E. Jones,* Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, 4400 Vestal Parkway East, Binghamton, New York 13902 * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: [email protected] Fax: (607) 777-4478. Phone: (607) 777-2421. ABSTRACT Nanocomposites of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) embedded in polyaniline fibers have been fabricated using a one-pot synthesis approach and in-situ polymerization. By using a combination of inorganic acids (e.g. HCl) and camphorsulfonic acid, polyaniline nanostructured fibers of high aspect ratio with diameters of 150 ± 50 nm and several micrometers in length were obtained. These fibers afforded high electrical conductivity of 4.2 ± 0.5 S/cm. Encapsulation of the AuNPs in the polyaniline fibers afforded nanocomposites with high electrical conductivity and dielectric constant of 34.0 ± 0.5 S/cm and 65.3 ± 5 respectively. The morphology of these materials was analyzed using SEM and HRTEM and electronic properties were analyzed using UV-Vis spectroscopy. INTRODUCTION The growing demand for miniaturization and performance in electronic devices has led to research activities for new materials to replace the traditional semiconductors. As a result of their unique properties, intrinsically conducting polymers have emerged as an alternative class of materials for this application [1]. Among different conducting polymers, polyaniline is potentially useful owing to its low cost, ease of preparation, and controllable physical and electrochemical properties by doping. One-dimensional nanostructures of polyaniline possess unique properties with potential application in nanoelectronic devices and highly sensitive chemical and biological sensors [2]. Metal nanoparticles also possess unique electrical, optical, magnetic, and thermal properties. Incorporation of metal nanoparticles into conducting polymers provides an enhanced performance of both “host” and “quest”. Organic/inorganic hybrid nanomaterials possess the merits of their respective organic and inorganic components and may also exhibit novel electrical, magnetic, catalytic and optical properties [3,4]. The new properties are observed as a result of electron transfer in the nanocomposites [5]. The incorporation of gold nanoparticles into polyaniline, utilizes spontaneous and sustained reduction and accumulation of elemental gold from a chloroauric acid solution in the presence of electroactive polyaniline [6]. In this work, we report the fabrication of conductive AuNPs-polyaniline composite fibers via a template free synthesis. In the encapsulation of AuNPs in polyaniline fibers, a one-pot approach was employed to obtain heterogeneous nanocomposite materials with high electrical conductivity and dielectric properties. A combination of an inorganic acid and camphorsulfonic acid as dopant helped ach
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