Dietary lysine requirement of fingerling Catla catla (Hamilton) based on growth, protein deposition, lysine retention ef
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Dietary lysine requirement of fingerling Catla catla (Hamilton) based on growth, protein deposition, lysine retention efficiency, RNA/DNA ratio and carcass composition Seemab Zehra • Mukhtar A. Khan
Received: 29 October 2011 / Accepted: 4 September 2012 Ó Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2012
Abstract A 12-week experiment was conducted to quantify dietary lysine requirement of fingerling Catla catla (3.65 ± 0.05 cm; 0.58 ± 0.02 g) by feeding casein–gelatine-based diets (33.0 % crude protein; 14.3 kJ/g digestible energy) with six levels of L-lysine (1.25, 1.50, 1.75, 2.00, 2.25 and 2.50 % dry diet). The experiment was conducted in eighteen 70-L indoor polyvinyl circular troughs provided with a water flowthrough system (1–1.5 L/min). Live weight gain (LWG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein deposition (PD), lysine retention efficiency (LRE%) and RNA/DNA ratio were used as the response criteria. Second-degree polynomial regression analysis at 95 % maximum and minimum response of LWG and FCR data exhibited the lysine requirement between 1.8 and 1.9 % dry diet, corresponding to 5.5–5.7 % dietary protein. Regression analysis of PD, LRE and RNA/DNA ratio yielded the requirement between 1.7 and 1.8 % dry diet, corresponding to 5.2–5.5 % dietary protein. Since live weight gain and protein deposition are the key parameters for estimating nutrient requirement, these tools were used to recommend the lysine requirement of fingerling C. catla which ranges between 1.7 and 1.8 % dry diet. Data generated during this study will be useful to
S. Zehra M. A. Khan (&) Fish Nutrition Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202 002, India e-mail: [email protected]
formulate lysine-balanced feed for intensive culture of this fish. Keywords Catla catla Fingerling Lysine requirement Growth Protein deposition Abbreviations LWG Live weight gain FCR Feed conversion ratio PD Protein deposition LRE Lysine retention efficiency MS-222 Tricaine methanesulphonate VSI Viscerosomatic index HSI Hepatosomatic index CF Condition factor CP Crude protein TCA Trichloroacetic acid
Introduction Fish have quantitative requirements for each essential amino acid. Since amino acids play important and versatile roles in protein metabolism (Wright and Fyhn 2001), dietary inclusion of amino acids should be optimum to achieve maximum growth and health benefits. Of the essential amino acids, lysine is one of the most limiting essential amino acids in ingredients used for the production of commercial fish feeds
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Fish Physiol Biochem
(Forster and Ogata 1998; Ovi and Eze 2012). Lysine is an essential amino acid present in high proportion in fish muscle tissue, involved in growth and maintenance of positive nitrogen balance and also used in ‘cross-linking’ protein, especially collagen (UNM 2006). Information on dietary lysine requirements of cyprinids such as mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ahmed and Khan 2004); grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Wang et al. 2005); rohu Labeo rohita (Abidi and Khan 2010); c
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