Diffusion of vanadium, chromium, and manganese in copper
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l-*/RT]
40.124
D c r / C u = (0.337-0.090)•
10-4 exp [-(195 • 3 ) k J mol-*/RT] m S p e r s,
40.22
DMn/C u = (1.02-0.18) • 10-4 exp [-(200 + 2) kJ mol-~/RT] m e per s. A n o m a l o u s p e n e t r a t i o n p r o f i l e s for the diffusion of C r 51 and Mn 54 in the p r e s e n t r e s u l t s suggest that e x p e r i m e n t a l r e s u l t s on D c r / C u and DMn/C u in the past have been influenced by oxidation and e v a p o r a t i o n of the c h e m i c a l l y active r a d i o t r a c e r s d u r i n g a n n e a l ing for diffusion. I ~ E C E N T L Y , e x p e r i m e n t a l data on the s e l f - d i f f u s i o n and i m p u r i t y diffusion in copper have b e e n compiled e x h a u s t i v e l y by Oikawa ~ and B u t r y m o w i c z , Manning and Read. e Since the study of the i m p u r i t y diffusion of Mn 54, F e 59, Co 6~ and Ni63 i n copper by Mackliet, a m a n y works have b e e n made on the diffusion of the 3 d - t r a n s i t i o n m e t a l s , e s p e c i a l l y F e and Ni, in Cu. However, no data on the diffusion of T i and V were a v a i l a b l e when the p r e s e n t work s t a r t e d . T h r e e p r e vious e x p e r i m e n t a l data f o r the i m p u r i t y diffusion of C r Sx in Cu a r e much d i f f e r e n t a m o n g t h e m . 4-6 F o r the diffusion of Mn 54 in Cu, only one a v a i l a b l e a c t i v a t i o n e n e r g y is e x t r a o r d i n a r y l a r g e . 7 Mackliet 3 has m e a s u r e d the diffusion coefficient of Mn 54 at only one t e m p e r a t u r e (1342 K). F o g e l ' s o n , Ugai and Pokoev 8 have r e c e n t l y d e t e r m i n e d the diffusion coefficient of Mn in Cu in the t e m p e r a t u r e r a n g e between 973 and 1348 K by m e a s u r i n g the change in the i n t e n s i t y of the X - r a y a b s o r p t i o n and obtained the r e s u l t s in a g r e e m e n t with that of Mackliet. Thus, f u r t h e r study on the diffusion of Cr and Mn in Cu is n e c e s s a r y . In the p r e s e n t work, which is one of the s e r i e s of i m p u r i t y diffusion s t u d i e s in copper in our l a b o r a t o r y , the diffusion coefficients of V, 48 Cr S~ and Mn 54 have b e e n d e t e r m i n e d by the r e s i d u a l a c t i v i t y method. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE P u r e copper ingot was made by v a c u u m - m e l t i n g the r e e l e c t r o l y t i c copper plate of 99.998 pet p u r i t y in a high p u r i t y g r a p h i t e c r u c i b l e and c a s t i n g into a s t e e l mold of 14 m m in d i a m . The ingot was swaged to 12.5 m m in d i a m and m a c h i n e d to make the disk s p e c i m e n s of 12 m m in d i a m and 8 m m thick. To KAZUTOMOHOSHINO, formerly Graduate Student, Tohoku University, is now Research Engineer, Central Research Laboratory, Sumitomo Metal MiningCo., Ltd., Ichikawa, Japan. YOSHIAKI IIJIMAand KEN-ICHIHIRANO are Instructor and Professor, respectively, Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendal, Japan. Manuscript submitted September 23, 1976. METALLURGICALTRANSACTIONSA
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