Digital Airborne Camera Introduction and Technology
Digital airborne cameras are now penetrating the fields of photogrammetry and remote sensing. Due to the last decade’s results in research and development in the fields of for instance detector technology, computing power, memory capacity position and ori
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Digital Airborne Camera Introduction and Technology
Edited by Rainer Sandau DLR, Berlin, Germany
With contributions by Ulrich Beisl, Bernhard Braunecker, Michael Cramer, Hans Driescher, Andreas Eckardt, Peter Fricker, Michael Gruber, Stefan Hilbert, Karsten Jacobsen, Walfried Jagschitz, Herbert Jahn, Werner Kirchhofer, Franz Leberl, Klaus J. Neumann, Rainer Sandau, Maria von Schönermark, and Udo Tempelmann
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Editor Dr. Rainer Sandau Deutsches Zentrum for Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. (DLR) Rutherfordstr. 2 12489 Berlin Germany [email protected]
This is a translation of the book in German “Digitale Luftbildkamera − Einführung und Grundlagen”, by Rainer Sandau, published by Wichmann Verlag, 2005; including some new additions in chapter 7 (Examples)
ISBN 978-1-4020-8877-3 e-ISBN 978-1-4020-8878-0 DOI 10.1007/978-1-4020-8878-0 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2009940584 © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2010 No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Cover illustration: Transparent view of the ADS40 camera made by Leica Geosystems AG. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface
Digital airborne cameras are now penetrating the market of photogrammetry and remote sensing. Owing to rapid progress in the last 10 years in fields such as detector technology, computer power, memory capacity, and measurement of position and orientation, it is now possible to acquire, with the new generation of digital airborne cameras, different sets of geometric and spectral data with high resolution within a single flight. This is a decisive advantage over aerial film cameras. The linear characteristic of the optoelectronic converters is at the root of this transformation from an imaging camera to a measuring instrument that captures images. The direct digital processing chain from the airborne camera to the derived products involves no chemical film development or digitisation in a photogrammetric film scanner. Causes of failure, expensive investments and prohibitive staff costs are avoided. The effective use of this new technology, however, requires knowledge of the characteristics, possibilities and restrictions of the formation of images and the generation of information from them. This book describes all the components of a digital airborne camera, from the object to be imaged to the mass memory device on which the imagery is written in the air. Thus natural processes influencing image quality are considered, such as the reflection of the electromagnetic energy from the sun by the object being imaged and the influence of the atmosphere. The essential f
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