Digital Technologies for Cultural Heritage: 3D Representation of Complex Wooden Structures
In line with the growing demand of digital documentation in the field of Cultural Heritage, nowadays survey technologies allow an immediate reading of a whole system directly in a 3D environment. The Photogrammetry Laboratory at the Iuav University of Ven
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Abstract In line with the growing demand of digital documentation in the field of Cultural Heritage, nowadays survey technologies allow an immediate reading of a whole system directly in a 3D environment. The Photogrammetry Laboratory at the Iuav University of Venice had often dealt with surveying and documenting complex wooden structures. In this work, we will present the methodology used to acquire two different types of structures with an in-depth analysis of two Venetian study cases: the SS. Giovanni e Paolo’s wooden dome and the Magazzini del Sale’s trusses, starting from a previous work in the Ducal Palace. The purpose of this research was to analyse the shape and the geometry of these structures: because of their complexity, a laser scanning survey, with the support of more traditional methods, seemed to be the best way to analyse them and to obtain the information directly in a 3D environment. The final aim was not only the creation of 3D models, useful for studying the spatial complexity, but also the identification of an operational procedure for such particular constructive techniques. This paper analyses the issues concerning the survey processes and it illustrates the solutions chosen to overcome them. Keywords 3D modelling · Complex architecture · Survey · Laser scanning Cultural heritage
C. Gottardi (B) · C. Balletti · S. Florian · F. Guerra Photogrammetric Laboratory, Laboratory System, Iuav University of Venice, 191 Santa Croce, 30135 Venice, Italy e-mail: [email protected] C. Balletti e-mail: [email protected] S. Florian e-mail: [email protected] F. Guerra e-mail: [email protected] © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019 F. Bianconi and M. Filippucci (eds.), Digital Wood Design, Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering 24, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03676-8_19
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1 Introduction In the last few years, thanks to the continuous development of new digital tools, both hardware and software, the metric survey has had a significant push forward in the field of 3D digitization of Architectural Heritage, also due to the lower prices of the instruments and faster times of acquisition (Tucci et al. 2016; Balletti et al. 2014b, 2015; Vacca et al. 2012). In fact, digital acquisition of Cultural Heritage allows to study some aspects that are otherwise difficult to understand in a detailed way; visualizing an architecture or a complex structure directly in a three-dimensional environment can allow analysing from different points of view those elements which, sometimes, are not easily accessible on site. The in-depth study of the shape and geometry of an object is, moreover, a basis for the analysis of its state of conservation and for an eventual planning of a restoration intervention. Up to now, the 3D model seems to be the best choice for representations of convoluted structures, especially for what concerns spreading the knowledge even to people not strictly specialized in the sector. Particularly in museum contexts, applications of virtual or augmented reality—and the reproduct
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