Dimensional investigation of individual differences in personality disorder traits based on the three-dimensional model
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Dimensional investigation of individual differences in personality disorder traits based on the three-dimensional model of personality self-regulation Ahmad Valikhani 1 & Mansoureh Mokaberian 2 & Leila Rahmati Kankat 3 & Ahmed A. Moustafa 4,5
# Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The aim of the present study is to conduct a dimensional investigation of personality disorder traits based on the threedimensional model of personality self-regulation (TDMPS). This model includes the following three basic elements for selfregulation: self-control, self-knowledge/mindfulness, and self-compassion. A total of 432 university students completed the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire, Integrative Self-Knowledge Scale, Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, Self-Control Scale, Self-Compassion Scale, and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale. By controlling for demographic (age and gender) and psychopathological variables, the results of hierarchical regression analyses showed that the dimensional scores for schizotypal, narcissistic, and obsessive-compulsive personality disorders were characterized by deficiencies in mindfulness; antisocial personality disorder was characterized by deficiencies in self-control; paranoid personality disorder was characterized by deficiencies in mindfulness and self-compassion; histrionic personality disorder was characterized by deficiencies in mindfulness and self-control; avoidant and dependent personality disorders were characterized by deficiencies in self-knowledge and selfcompassion; and finally, the dimensional scores of borderline personality disorder were characterized by deficiencies in all variables. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that personality disorders are, at least partly, separable based on TDMPS. Keywords Personality disorder . Dimensional approach Self-regulation . Self-control . Mindfulness . Self-compassion
Introduction The Prevalence of Personality Disorders Personality is considered as distinct and certain patterns of thought, emotion, and behavior which determine one’s * Mansoureh Mokaberian [email protected] 1
Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
2
Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Semnan, Iran
3
Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Islamic Azad University of Arak, Arak, Iran
4
School of Psychology & Marcs Institute for Brain and Behaviour, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
5
Department of Human Anatomy and Physiology, the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
. Three-dimensional model of personality self-regulation . . Self-knowledge
personal interaction style with their physical and social environment (Hoeksema et al. 2009). When these patterns and characteristics become rigid such that one’s function in daily life impaired, personality disorder would occur. Epidemiological studies ha
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