Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Sw. Athyriaceae
Anisogonium esculentum (Retz.) C. Presl
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Synonyms Anisogonium esculentum (Retz.) C. Presl Anisogonium serampurens C. Presl Asplenium ambiguum Sw. Asplenium esculentum (Retz.) C. Presl Asplenium malabaricum Mett. Asplenium moritzii Mett. Asplenium pubescens Mett. Asplenium vitiense Baker Athyrium ambigua (Sw.) Milde Athyrium esculentum (Retz.) Copel. Callipteris ambigua (Sw.) T. Moore Callipteris esculenta (Retz.) J. Sm. ex T. Moore & Houlston Callipteris esculenta var. pubescens (Link) Ching Callipteris malabarica J. Sm. Callipteris serampurens Fée Digrammaria ambigua (Sw.) C. Presl Digrammaria esculenta J. Sm. Diplazium malabaricum Spreng. Diplazium pubescens Link Diplazium serampurens Spreng. Diplazium vitiense Carruth. Gymnogramma edulis Ces.
D. Cicuzza (*) Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 F. M. Franco (ed.), Ethnobotany of the Mountain Regions of Southeast Asia, Ethnobotany of Mountain Regions, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14116-5_15-1
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D. Cicuzza
Hemionitis esculenta Retz. Microstegia ambigua (Sw.) C. Presl Microstegia esculenta (Retz.) C. Presl Microstegia pubescens C. Presl
Local Names Paku benar; paku Tanjong (Malaysia); Kuò kuô ch’ai ch’uèh (Malaysia, Chinese); Phak kuut (Philippines, general); tegabas (Philippines, Tagalog); tamidoc (Ivatan community, Batas Island, Philippines); Phak kuut (Thailand general); hasdam (Thailand peninsular); Kuut khue (Thailand northern); Paku wilis (Bali); Paku sayur (Indonesia); Paku beunyeur (Java, Sundanese); Rane (Indonesia, Sundanese, Rane community); Bajey (Dayak, Kalimantan); paku heurang (Baduy).
Botany and Ecology Description Diplazium esculentum is a relatively large fern up to 1 m and half, and the population, when in right ecological condition, can create a very thick dense single species vegetation. The rhizome is erect, sometimes can reach 15 cm tall and 4–6 cm in diameter, covered with brown scale with a narrow and lanceolate form and a toothed margin. The stout rhizome anchors the plants to the ground and even if the leaves are removed by human intervention or due to natural events, the plants is able to regrowth. Leaves are caespitose disposed in a rosette long up to 120 cm (Fig. 1). The lamina is bipinnate, the out shape has a deltoid form, 60–80 cm long and 30– 60 cm wide, the terminal part is acute with all the leaflet merged. The lamina is formed by 12–16 pairs of pinna with an alternate disposition. Veins in the lobes of the pinna, usually 6–10 pairs, single and reaching the margin or the sinus. Lamina with the herbaceous feeling when touched, glabrous or hairy, the rachis either glabrous or hairy; the upper side of it has a concave shape, grooved, usually glabrous. The sori mostly linear, slightly curved, covering from half to the entire vein; indusia yellow to light brown, linear (Lindsay and Middleton 2012).
Phenology The species does not have a cyclic reproductive phenology, rather as many tropical ferns, there are always fertile individuals within the population, along the whole y
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