Direct-Fed Microbials and Prebiotics for Animals Science and Mechani
The practice of supplementing direct fed microbial and prebiotic additives to domestic animals during growth is becoming more widespread in food animal production. Beneficial effects particularly in cattle, pigs and poultry, including improved gener
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Todd R. Callaway
●
Steven C. Ricke
Editors
Direct-Fed Microbials and Prebiotics for Animals Science and Mechanisms of Action
Editors Todd R. Callaway USDA–ARS Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center (SPARC) Food and Feed Safety Research Unit College Station, TX 77845, USA [email protected]
Steven C. Ricke Center for Food Safety and Department of Food Science University of Arkansas Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA [email protected]
ISBN 978-1-4614-1310-3 e-ISBN 978-1-4614-1311-0 DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-1311-0 Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London Library of Congress Control Number: 2011942753 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2012 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
This book is dedicated to the late Dr. Stanley Gilliland, Regents Professor and Sitlington Endowed Chair in Food Microbiology at Oklahoma State University. Dr. Gilliland had an incredible career and was a pioneer in the fields of probiotics and direct-fed microbials. He mentored many graduate students and paved the way for the further advancement of the field of direct-fed microbials through his teaching and research. Dr. Gilliland contributed to many journal articles, book chapters, and conferences during his career. He left behind a legacy of research and the inspiration for quality scientific work. Dr. Gilliland will be missed but his contributions will not be forgotten. Without Stan’s guidance and support this conference and book would not have taken place. While Dr. Gilliland was taken from us too soon, his impacts will be felt for years to come.
Preface
In recent years, the role of the microbial ecosystem in both human and animal health has become more prominent (Finegold 2008; Ley et al. 2006; Murphy 2004; Turnbaugh et al. 2009; Turnbaugh et al. 2006; Xu and Gordon 2003). The “microbial organ” is at last getting its due as a playing a part in health as well as production parameters (Lyte 2010). Though much of this research has focused on the effects of the microbial communities and cross-communication with the host in and on humans, increasing amounts of research has delved into the microbial organ of animals (Freestone and Lyte 2010). A new hypothesis has recently been advanced by Dr. Mark Lyte that probiotics may function as a drug as a
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