Disk Laser Weld Brazing of AW5083 Aluminum Alloy with Titanium Grade 2
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JMEPEG DOI: 10.1007/s11665-017-2529-6
Disk Laser Weld Brazing of AW5083 Aluminum Alloy with Titanium Grade 2 Miroslav Sahul, Martin Sahul, Marosˇ Vyskocˇ, Lˇubomı´r Cˇaplovicˇ, and Matej Pasˇa´k (Submitted April 28, 2016; in revised form November 29, 2016) Disk laser weld brazing of dissimilar metals was carried out. Aluminum alloy 5083 and commercially pure titanium Grade 2 with the thickness of 2.0 mm were used as experimental materials. Butt weld brazed joints were produced under different welding parameters. The 5087 aluminum alloy filler wire with a diameter of 1.2 mm was used for joining dissimilar metals. The elimination of weld metal cracking was attained by offsetting the laser beam. When the offset was 0 mm, the intermixing of both metals was too high, thus producing higher amount of intermetallic compounds (IMCs). Higher amount of IMCs resulted in poorer mechanical properties of produced joints. Grain refinement in the fusion zone occurred especially due to the high cooling rates during laser beam joining. Reactions at the interface varied in the dependence of its location. Continuous thin IMC layer was observed directly at the titanium–weld metal interface. Microhardness of an IMC island in the weld metal reached up to 452.2 HV0.1. The XRD analysis confirmed the presence of tetragonal Al3Ti intermetallic compound. The highest tensile strength was recorded in the case when the laser beam offset of 300 lm from the joint centerline toward aluminum alloy was utilized. Keywords
aluminum alloy, filler wire, intermetallic compound, laser, titanium, weld brazing
1. Introduction Light metals and their alloys are important construction materials with a high strength-to-weight ratio. Recently, the demand for dissimilar metal joints of titanium to aluminum alloy has grown, especially in the automotive and airspace industries. However, the welding of aluminum to titanium is a major challenge due to the differences in their physical and mechanical properties, and especially due to the formation of brittle intermetallic compounds (IMCs) at the interface, and large differences in their melting points (Ref 1-6). Fusion joining results in the formation of the abovementioned IMCs such as TiAl, TiAl3 and Ti3Al which cause an embrittlement and decrease in the mechanical properties of joints. Titanium dissolves in aluminum and forms mostly Al3Ti, possessing a low strength compared to TiAl and Ti3Al and negligible ductility. Therefore, formation of this IMC is not desirable during welding (Ref 7-10). Currently, the joining of dissimilar materials like aluminum and titanium can be achieved by other joining techniques, such as riveting, clinching and screwing. These are still widely used techniques
Miroslav Sahul and Marosˇ Vyskocˇ, Department of Welding and Foundry, Institute of Production Technologies, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology in Trnava, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, J. Bottu 25, 917 24 Trnava, Slovak Republic; ˇ aplovicˇ, and Matej Pasˇa´k, Institute and Martin Sahul, Lˇubomı´r C of Materi
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