Dispersion of carbon dioxide released from buried high-pressure pipeline over complex terrain
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Dispersion of carbon dioxide released from buried high-pressure pipeline over complex terrain Huiru Wang 1 & Bin Liu 1 & Xiong Liu 2 & Cheng Lu 2 & Jiajia Deng 3 & Zhanping You 1 Received: 6 May 2020 / Accepted: 25 September 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract To quantitatively assess the risks associated with Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology, a better understanding of the dispersion characteristics of CO2 released from a high-pressure pipeline is necessary. The dispersion process is complicated as CO2 is denser than air, and the Joule-Thomson effect causes sharp drop of the temperature. In this study, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique was used to investigate the CO2 dispersion. The CFD model is validated by simulating a full-size blasting test. The influence of topography and low temperature at the release source on the dispersion of CO2 released from buried CO2 pipelines over complex terrain types was studied. This study provides a viable method for the assessment of the risks associated with CCS. Keywords Carbon Capture and Storage . Pipeline . Low temperature . Dispersion . Complex terrain . Computational fluid dynamics
Introduction Since the Industrial Revolution, fossil fuels have become the primary source of energy worldwide. This source will continue to be integral in promoting industrial development and providing most of the world’s energy in the future ((Agency) 2018). However, the continuous usage of fossil fuels discharges carbon dioxide (CO2), which increases the concentration of artificial CO 2 in the Highlights • Validated CFD model for CO2 dispersion • CFD simulations of CO2 dispersion over full-size real terrain. • Effects of topography and low temperature at the source on the CO2 dispersion investigated. Responsible Editor: Philippe Garrigues * Bin Liu [email protected] 1
School of Mechanical Engineering, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043, China
2
School of Mechanical, Materials, Mechatronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
3
The Port and Transportation School, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316002, China
atmosphere, resulting in the greenhouse effect (Peters et al. 2013). Carbon Capture and Storage Technology (CCST), which aims to reduce CO2 emissions from fossil fuel power plants or other large industrial production sites, is also considered to be a cost-effective approach for decreasing the anthropogenic emission of CO2 into the atmosphere, particularly in recent years (Vianello et al. 2012). CCST involves capturing CO2 from largescale artificial CO2 production sources such as fossil fuel power plants and transporting it to sites for storage or utilisation rather than discharging it into the atmosphere (Azzolina et al. 2015; Liu et al. 2014; Liu et al. 2015a; Metz et al. 2002). In most cases, CO2 is transported by pipelines under pressures of 10–20 MPa (Liu et al. 2015b; Mazzoldi et al. 2013). Under these conditions, CO2 exists in li
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