Distributed Scheduling of Enhanced Beacons for IEEE802.15.4-TSCH Body Area Networks
Body Area Networks (BANs) expect to exploit IEEE802.15.4-2015-TSCH, proposing an efficient MAC layer for wireless industrial sensor networks. The standard relies on techniques such as channel hopping and bandwidth reservation to ensure both energy savings
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Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China Department T´el´ecommunications, INSA-Lyon, Universite de Lyon, Lyon, France 3 ICube, CNRS/University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France [email protected] Abstract. Body Area Networks (BANs) expect to exploit IEEE802. 15.4-2015-TSCH, proposing an efficient MAC layer for wireless industrial sensor networks. The standard relies on techniques such as channel hopping and bandwidth reservation to ensure both energy savings and reliable transmissions. With the expected growth of the BAN usage, we must now consider dense topologies, and interference. In this paper, we propose a rescheduling algorithm to avoid the collisions among the Enhanced Beacons (EB): each coordinator is able to adapt distributively its transmission to avoid interference. Indeed, EB losses impact negatively the performance of a BAN. We also optimized conjointly the neighbor discovery mechanism since a multichannel MAC would else increase too much the discovery delay. Our simulations validate the relevance of our discovery and scheduling mechanisms to cope with a very dense deployment of interfering BANs.
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Introduction
BANs consist in small wearable wireless devices expected to fulfill the society needs in a variety of applications such as ubiquitous monitoring, health-care, entertainment and multimedia, and training. The PAN coordinator often collects measures transmitted from the wearable devices in its BAN. The IEEE802.15 working group is currently finalizing the IEEE802.15.4-2015 standard [1]. In particular, the TSCH mode aims at improving the reliability for industrial sensor networks in noisy environments. A common schedule aims at reserving a certain amount of bandwidth for each flow, and channel hopping aims at defeating narrow band noise. This standard is particularly accurate for Body Area Networks, where devices aim at transmitting periodically their measures to the PAN coordinator (i.e. BAN gateway). However, IEEE802.15.4-TSCH was originally designed for a large multihop wireless sensor network. In Body Area Networks, we rather face to a user centric topology: one PAN coordinator attached to a collection of devices. However, because we expect to have a large collection of co-located BANs, we will face to an explosion of collisions: each BAN computes independently its own schedule. c Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016 N. Mitton et al. (Eds.): ADHOC-NOW 2016, LNCS 9724, pp. 3–16, 2016. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-40509-4 1
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Fig. 1. Multi-BAN topology
We must propose a certain cooperation among different BANs to detect collisions and to adapt locally their schedule. Besides, BANs require a very short network attachment delay: a person may exchange data sporadically within a group of individuals (aka. opportunistic mobile social networks [2]). Thus, we must propose a mechanism to detect quickly neighboring BANs. Due to the dynamic environment for BAN communication, one important assumption is that a newl
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