DNA Barcoding and Demographic History of Peromyscus yucatanicus (Rodentia: Cricetidae) Endemic to the Yucatan Peninsula,
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ORIGINAL PAPER
DNA Barcoding and Demographic History of Peromyscus yucatanicus (Rodentia: Cricetidae) Endemic to the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico M. Ángel León-Tapia 1
# Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The Yucatan Peninsula (YP) is a biotic province located in southeastern Mexico, delimited mainly by climatic variables. One endemic species of the YP is the Yucatan deer mouse Peromyscus yucatanicus. It is considered a member of the P. mexicanus species group, but some morphological characters and habitat preferences separate it from them. Herein, the DNA barcoding identification of P. yucatanicus, intraspecific relationships, and the level of genetic differentiation among its geographical distribution were examined. Sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene were used for the phylogenetic, demographic history, and genetic structure analysis. In addition, an ecological niche model was built and transferred to 6000 years ago in order to explore the current and past environmental suitability of the species. Results showed that P. yucatanicus was monophyletic and its phylogenetic relationships unresolved. Intraspecific analyses showed signatures of a scenario of demographic stability followed by population growth, and three genetic haplogroups were identified. Paleontological, paleoclimate, and the results presented here are useful to hypothesize that P. yucatanicus likely diverged in the Pleistocene and invaded the south of YP after the Last Glacial Period with the arrival of the current vegetation in the late Pleistocene—early-middle Holocene, and its demographic population was stable during the remaining Holocene epoch with slight growth at the late-middle Holocene resulting in the major precipitation changes that provided more plant coverage. Keywords Cytochrome oxidase . Evolution . Phylogenetics . Phylogeography . Pleistocene
Background Current knowledge supports that the biological history of the Yucatan Peninsula (YP), located in southeastern Mexico, began 65 million of years ago (mya) after the collision of an asteroid at what is now the north of the YP, extinguishing all life for hundreds of kilometers (Vázquez-Domínguez and Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-020-09510-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * M. Ángel León-Tapia [email protected] 1
Laboratorio de Sistemática Filogenética, Biología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología A.C. Carretera antigua a Coatepec 351, El Haya, 91073 Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
Arita 2010). After numerous geologic, climatic, and biotic processes, the recent subsequent Great American Biotic Interchange 2.8 mya marked the beginning of the modern flora and fauna of the region (MacFadden 2006). The YP is a biotic province delimited mainly by climatic variables, flora and fauna distributions. Two geographical subprovinces are considered in the YP: the northern Yucatan Province and the southern Peten Province (Morro
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