Do the benefits of exercise in indoor and outdoor environments during the COVID-19 pandemic outweigh the risks of infect
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LETTER TO EDITOR
Do the benefits of exercise in indoor and outdoor environments during the COVID‑19 pandemic outweigh the risks of infection? Fábio Hech Dominski1,3 · Ricardo Brandt2 Received: 22 April 2020 / Accepted: 4 July 2020 © Springer-Verlag Italia S.r.l., part of Springer Nature 2020
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has caused an unprecedented lockdown worldwide, resulting in social isolation due to the guidance for people to stay at home in quarantine to prevent the spread of this infectious disease [1]. However, this control measure has several impacts on society, such as on psychological health, relationships, education, business, employment, and leisure time. Evidence shows that longer durations of quarantine are associated with poorer mental health, specifically post traumatic stress symptoms [2]. The duration of quarantine is a stress factor, and people who have stayed in quarantine for more than 10 days have shown significantly higher post-traumatic stress symptoms than those in quarantine for fewer than 10 days [2]. During the COVID-19 pandemic, symptoms of anxiety were verified in college students in China and in the Indian population, which could be caused by social distancing [3, 4]. In a recent analysis of human needs in COVID-19 isolation, Matias, Dominski and Marks (2020) [5] showed several conditions emphasized by social distancing, such as satisfying immediate physiological needs, and the need for selfprotection, affiliation and status/self-esteem; hence, there are negative mental health consequences, such as fear, anxiety and distress, and people are more vulnerable to depression due to low self-esteem [5]. This is evident in some fragile populations: in addition to being within the at-risk/vulnerable group, older adults may be adversely affected by the discourses that imply that the loss of older life is not as * Fábio Hech Dominski [email protected] 1
Laboratory of Sport and Exercise Psychology, College of Health and Sport Science of the Santa Catarina State University, Florianopolis 88080‑350, Brazil
2
Physical Education Department, Western Parana State University, Marechal Cândido Rondon, Cascavel, Brazil
3
Univille University, Paulo Malschitzki, 10 ‑ Zona Industrial Norte, Joinville, SC, Brazil
important as the loss of life of younger people [6], for example, when health systems worldwide need to decide who should be prioritized for treatment of COVID-19. Although research on the consequences of the COVID19 pandemic on physical inactivity is at an initial stage [7], it is expected that people in quarantine at home could increase their sedentary behaviour through more screen time, characterized by the time watching television, using mobile devices, and playing games, thereby reducing physical activity levels. Physical inactivity is a huge public health issue and approximately one in three adults and four in five adolescents, worldwide, do not achieve the recommended quantity and quality of physical activity [8–10], and this issue can be potentiated
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